Aspects of International Law and Human Rights on The Return of The Taliban in Afghanistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v3i3.23237Keywords:
internatinal law, Human Rights, Taliban, AfghanistanAbstract
From 1996 to 2001, the Taliban group ruled over Afghanistan before the 2001 World Trade Center bombing in the USA. Then, this group was overthrown by a military invasion that actually served the interests of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO members. After the absence of strong evidence of the involvement of the Taliban in the 2001 WTC bombing, the United States and its allies began to receive internal and international pressure to immediately withdraw from Afghanistan. This invasion led to the death of many American soldiers. Many survivors suffered from mental disorders. Apart from that, the Afghanistan invasion that went on for 20 years greatly burdened the budget, as its financing reached 31 thousand trillion rupiahs. This study used the normative research method. Results showed that the Taliban's return to power does not violate international law. But in terms of human rights, its return will decrease the human rights index of Afghan citizens. This condition is commonplace in authoritarian countries. This is due to the Taliban’s political attitudes that lack respect for women's rights in the modern era. It also lacks concern for civil rights in a modern democratic state
Downloads
References
Al-Fatih, S., & Siboy, A. (2021). Menulis Artikel Karya Ilmiah Hukum di Jurnal Nasional dan Internasional Bereputasi. Inteligensia Media.
Aswandi, B., & Roisah, K. (2019). NEGARA HUKUM DAN DEMOKRASI PANCASILA DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA (HAM). Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 1(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v1i1.128-145
Buyse, A. (2018). Squeezing civic space: restrictions on civil society organizations and the linkages with human rights. The International Journal of Human Rights, 22(8), 966–988. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2018.1492916
Firdaus, A., Suhaidi, Sunarmi, & Leviza, J. (2020). Environmental Criminal Responsibility for Mining Corporation Through the Ultimum Remedium Principle BT - Proceedings of the International Conference on Law, Governance and Islamic Society (ICOLGIS 2019). 48–50. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200306.179
Gaston, E., & Dang, L. (2015). Addressing Land Conflict in Afghanistan. US Institute of Peace.
Hawley, E. (2018). ISIS Crimes Against the Shia: The Islamic State’s Genocide Against Shia Muslims. Genocide Studies International, 11(2), 160–181. https://doi.org/10.3138/gsi.11.2.02
Heupel, M. (2013). With power comes responsibility: Human rights protection in United Nations sanctions policy. European Journal of International Relations, 19(4), 773–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066111426621
Kelsen, H. (1941). Recognition in International Law. American Journal of International Law, 35(4), 605–617. https://doi.org/10.2307/2192561
KRISTOF, L. K. D. (1959). THE NATURE OF FRONTIERS AND BOUNDARIES. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 49(3), 269–282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1959.tb01613.x
Ledwidge, F. (2009). Justice and Counter-Insurgency in Afghanistan: A Missing Link. The RUSI Journal, 154(1), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/03071840902818530
Lestari, O. D. (2021). Upaya Perlawanan Perempuan Afghanistan dalam Menghadapi Ancaman Opresi/Kebijakan Opresif Taliban. Indonesian Journal of Peace and Security Studies (IJPSS), 3(2), 72–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29303/ijpss.v3i2.88
Mallat, C., & Revkin, M. (2013). Middle Eastern Law. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 9(1), 405–433. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-102612-134018
Saikal, A. (2002). Afghanistan after the Loya Jirga. Survival, 44(3), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/00396330212331343412
Singh, D. (2015). Explaining varieties of corruption in the Afghan Justice Sector. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 9(2), 231–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2015.1033093
Suhrke, A., & Borchgrevink, K. (2009). Negotiating justice sector reform in Afghanistan. Crime, Law and Social Change, 51(2), 211–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-008-9154-0
Swenson, G. (2017). Why U.S. Efforts to Promote the Rule of Law in Afghanistan Failed. International Security, 42(1), 114–151. https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00285
Tilly, C. (2004). Terror, Terrorism, Terrorists. Sociological Theory, 22(1), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2004.00200.x
Tsou, T., & Halperin, M. H. (1965). Mao Tse-tung’s Revolutionary Strategy and Peking’s International Behavior. American Political Science Review, 59(1), 80–99. https://doi.org/10.2307/1976122
Vegh, S. (2002). Hacktivists or Cyberterrorists? The Changing Media Discourse on Hacking. First Monday, 7(10). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v7i10.998
Weigand, F. (2017). Afghanistan’s Taliban – Legitimate Jihadists or Coercive Extremists? Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 11(3), 359–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2017.1353755
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Sofyan Wimbo Agung Pradnyawan, Arief Budiono, Jan Alizea Sybelle
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
