The Effect of Firm Characteristics on Tax Avoidance with Liquidity as a Moderating Variable in Indonesian Firms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v16i1.43547Keywords:
Capital Intensity, Leverage, Liquidity, Profitability, Tax AvoidanceAbstract
Purpose:
This study aims to analyze the effect of capital intensity, profitability, and leverage on tax avoidance, as well as to examine the role of liquidity as a moderating variable in non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2020–2024.
Methodology/approach:
The research employed a quantitative associative approach using panel data regression with the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) technique. The sample consists of 151 companies (755 firm-year observations) selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Fixed Effect Model based on Chow, Hausman, and LM tests.
Findings:
The results showed that profitability had a significant positive effect on tax avoidance, while capital intensity and leverage did not. Liquidity proved to be a pure moderator, weakening the effect of capital intensity and leverage on tax avoidance, but it was unable to moderate the effect of profitability.
Practical implications:
The findings highlight the importance for regulators to consider firms’ liquidity conditions when designing tax enforcement policies, as financially strong firms tend to show higher voluntary compliance.
Originality/value:
This study contributes by incorporating liquidity as a moderating variable in the relationship between internal firm characteristics and tax avoidance an approach rarely examined in prior Indonesian tax compliance research
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