Journal of Tropical Crop Science and Technology

Optimization Of Callus Induction Using A Combination Of 2,4 Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid And Sitokinin On Pineapple (Caisim) Cales In Vitro

Tue, 26 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0700

In Indonesia, pineapple is one of the horticultural commodities that has the potential to be developed. It is seen that the amount of demand for fresh pineapple from abroad is quite high. Intensification of pineapple land is still lacking where the number of pineapple seedlings planted has only reached 2,500 from ideally 10,000 stems per hectare. Alternative to overcome this problem is by propagating plants in vitro through callus induction which later is thought to potentially have quality and quantity seeds as expected. This study uses a combination of ZPT 2,4-D and cytokines which are expected to grow callus with good quality and relatively faster time.This study uses Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). By using the first factor namely 2,4-D concentration and the second factor cytokines (BAP and TDZ). The data can be analyzed for variance and a real honest test (BNJ) level of 5%. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the combination of giving concentrations to 2,4-D and cytokines was not significant for each parameter. The interaction between 2,4-D growth regulators and cytokinins has no significant effect on the induction of pineapple varieties of Smoooth cayenne. The treatment of 2,4-D 0 mg/L - 5 mg/L growth regulators has no significant effect on callus induction in vitro on the Smoooth cayenne varieties. The treatment of cytokinin (Thidiazuron 0.001 mg/L - 0.1 mg/L and BAP 0 mg/L - 4 mg/L) had no significant effect on in vitro callus induction on the Smoooth cayenne varieties.

Production Of Mini Tuber Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Ppt4 Zebra With Aeroponic System Through The Addition Of Lighting Color Settings And Lighting Length

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are carbohydrate-rich crops. Low potato productivity in Indonesia stems from farmers' inadequate access to quality seed potatoes. One solution to this issue is enhancing quality seed potato production, achievable through aeroponic systems. Lighting, whether incandescent or LED, can optimize potato mini tuber propagation in aeroponic systems. Research on lighting's effects on potato growth remains incomplete. This study aims to investigate how lighting color and duration affect mini tuber production of Solanum tuberosum L. PPT4 Zebra using aeroponic systems. Conducted in Jurangkuali, Bumiaji sub-district, Batu, the study employed a split plot design. The main plot consisted of lighting colors (WC): light yellow (WK), white (WP), and purple (WU). Subplots were lighting duration (LP) at 3 hours (LP 3) and 5 hours (LP 5), each replicated four times. Each replication comprised 8 samples, with 18 potato plant cuttings per population. Variables included plant height, stem diameter, leaf count, chlorophyll level, root length, tuber count, tuber diameter, budding seed count, and tuber weight. Data were analyzed using F-tests followed by BNJ tests at a 5% significance level. Results indicated no interaction between lighting color and duration. Purple lighting yielded the highest tuber count and weight, while 3-hour lighting duration yielded superior plant height, stem diameter, leaf count, and root length.

Growth Response Of Mustard Green (Brassica juncea L.) Because Of Giving Cow Compost And Mikoriza Fertilizer Dosages

Sati Fatimah, Ali Ikhwan, Muhidin, machmudi, Erny Ishartati — Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Mustard green (Brassica juncea L.) is leafy vegetable with subtropical climate, but this plant is able to adapt well on tropical climate that it suitable to be planted and growth in Indonesia. Formulation of problem in this study is to lessen the use of chemistry fertilizer in fertilization on plant especially mustard green (Brassica juncea L.). This study is aimed to review growth response of mustard green (Brassica juncea L.) because giving dosage of cow compost and mikoriza fertilizer dosages. This study used randomized block design (RAK) arranged in split plot with 2 factors. The first factor as main block of cow compost dosage consists of three level, they are 2,5 ton/ha, 5 ton/ha and 10 ton/ha. The second factor is offspring block, it is mikoriza dosage that consists of three levels, they are 1 tablet/plant, 2 tablets/plant and 3 tablet/plant for each is repeated 3 times. Observed variables are plant height, the number of leaves, leaf wide, fresh weight and dried weight of plant, fresh and dried weight, fresh and dried ratio of root weight and dried crown weight. The result of this study shows that there is no interaction between giving cow compost and mikoriza dosage toward mustard green height, fresh weight and dried weight, fresh and dried ratio of root weight and dried crown weight, but separately dosing cow manure 2.5 ton/ha can increase broad leaf mustard plants at 2 weeks after planting and dosage as well as mikoriza 1 tablet/plants and 2 tablets/plant has been able to increase leaf area from age 2 weeks after planting.

The Effect Of Dosage And Vermicast Types With Different Ingredients As An Organic Fertilizer Of Shallot (Alium Ascolonicum L.)

Muktarikan, Sri Mursiani Arifah, Muhidin, Harun Rasyid, Aulia Zakiya — Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Vermicast is a used soil from worm maintenance that is product composting from its maintenance in the form of organic fertilizer and it is very suitable for plants. Vermicast contains various ingredients needed by plants that is hormones such as gibberellins, cytokinins, and auxins, and contains of nutrients (N, P, K, Mg and Ca) and Azotobacter sp. which is a non-symbiotic N-fixing bacterium which can help enrich the N element for plants. In the use of vermicast can be solid or liquid. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of dosage and vermicast with different ingredients of feed as organic fertilizer for shallot. This research was conducted at the FPP Experiment Garden UMM in Tegalgondo Village with a height of ± 560 m above sea level. The study used a Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor: worm feed ingredients (K) consist of (K1); Blotong waste (K2); rumen waste (K3); combination of blotong and rumen waste. The second factor: the dosage of administration (U) consists of (U1); 4 Ton / ha (U2); 5 Tons / ha (U3); 6 Tons / ha (U4); 7 tons / ha. This research included nutrient content in vermicast and on the growth of shallot including: Length of plant, number of leaves, number of tubers, weight of fresh plant, weight of dry plant. The results of this research showed that the dosage and feed ingredients given had no significant effect on plant height parameters, number of leaves, weight of fresh plant, and weight of dry plant of shallot (Alium asconolicum L.) for However it was given significant effect for the height parameters of the plant at the age of 13 HST and the number of leaves at the age of 13 HST. And the best is the combination of K3U3 (Vermicast which is given a combination of blotong and rumen waste feed ingredients) with a dosage of 54 grams / plant.

Effect of Paitan Compost Fertilizer and Corn Rooting Rhizobakteri on the Growth and Yield of Glutinous Corn (Zea mays L. ceratina)

Dian Indratmi, Dyah Roeswitawati, Tamara Firdaus — Sun, 31 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Glutinous rice corn crops in Java show low productivity despite their potential. Agricultural land issues in Indonesia, such as soil fertility and excessive use of inorganic fertilizers, persist. Tithonia diversifolia plants are utilized for composting to address these concerns. Additionally, corn root microorganisms act as biological fertilizer, enhancing plant growth. This study aims to investigate the interaction between Tithonia compost dosage and corn root Rhizobacteria on glutinous corn growth and yield. Conducted in two locations—laboratory for Rhizobacteria isolates and field for composting and planting—the research employed a Divided Plot Design with 36 treatment combinations. Observations included plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, cob count, cob diameter, cob weight, and cob length. Results indicate interaction effects between Rhizobacteria and compost dosage on leaf area growth at 28 days post-planting. Additionally, there's an impact on stem blight intensity at 42 days post-planting. Rhizobacteria dosage didn't significantly affect plant growth or cob yield parameters. However, paitan compost dosage influenced plant height, stem diameter, and cob count, with the best response seen at 14 tons/ha dosage.

The Effect Of Shoot Cuttings And Vermiwash Concentration On Orchid Growth (Onchidium sphacelatum Lindl.) Aeroponically

Ibrahim, Untung Santoso, Agus Zainudin, Padhina Pangestika — Sun, 31 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The Oncidium sphacelatum orchid, commonly propagated vegetatively through pseudobulb separation, presents opportunities for further research into propagation methods and organic fertilizer application. This study, conducted in Batu City, aimed to explore the interaction between vermiwash concentration and shoot number on aeroponically cultivated Orchid sphacelatum Lind cuttings, as well as individual treatment effects.

Employing a factorial RKLT design with shoot number (one or two) and vermiwash concentration (100, 200, or 300 ml/L) as factors, the study evaluated plant height, leaf count, stem length, shoot length, root count, and root length as variables. Data analysis involved ANOVA and BNJ tests. Results revealed that cuttings with two shoots and a 200 ml/L vermiwash concentration promoted optimal leaf growth. The number of shoots influenced shoot length, with two shoots demonstrating superior growth compared to single shoot cuttings. Interestingly, vermiwash concentration did not significantly impact shoot growth parameters, indicating that its effects may be limited in this context. This study sheds light on the potential benefits of using vermiwash in orchid cultivation, particularly in enhancing leaf growth when combined with multiple shoot cuttings. However, further investigation is needed to understand the nuanced effects of vermiwash on other growth aspects and its interaction with different propagation methods.Overall, the findings contribute to the optimization of orchid propagation techniques, providing valuable insights for orchid growers seeking to enhance plant growth and productivity sustainably. Further research could delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying the observed effects and explore additional variables to refine cultivation practices for Oncidium sphacelatum orchids.