Journal of Tropical Crop Science and Technology

The Effect of Macro-Micro Nutrient Fertilizers and Plant Spacing on the Growth (Brassica juncea L.)

Ardy Putra Herlangga, Ali Ikhwan, Muhidin — Wed, 30 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Brassica juncea L. is a much-loved vegetable species in Indonesia. To improve the quality and quantity of mustard plants, agricultural intensification efforts are needed through macro-micro fertilisers that maintain the balance of soil nutrients. This study aims to determine the response of mustard plants to the application of macro-micro fertilisers. The research was conducted in Claket Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency at an altitude of 470 masl with a daily temperature of 21-30°C. The method used was a factorial Randomised Group Design (RAK) with two factors (fertiliser dose and spacing) and three replications. Variables observed included increase in plant height, number of leaves, wet weight, dry weight, and water content. Data analysis used F test and BNJ 5%. The results showed that the interaction of macro-micro fertiliser dose and planting distance gave a significant effect on all variables, except dry weight due to high water content in mustard greens.

Kemiri Sunan Buds Induction (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) For In Vitro in Ms Media with Different Concentrations of the Substance Growing Manager

Duwi Risti Ningseh, Fatimah Nursandi, Dyah Roeswitawati — Wed, 30 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Need oil fuel in Indonesia has increased. Oil production reached only 410,000 barrels per day while the needs of up to 1 million barrels per day. One plant is capable of producing biofuels is Pecan sunan. Vegetative reproduction has been hampered by the limited number of obtained so that necessary research in vitro. This research aims to know the concentration of the substance growing balance sitokinin (BA, TDZ and kinetin) and Auxin (NAA) in Pecan sunan buds induces on the MS medium. Experimental design used was Complete Random Design simple. The treatment is the composition of the basic MS medium with medium that is combined with the astringent balance grow NAA (0.5 mg/l), BA (1-3 mg/l), TDZ (0.2 mg/l) and kinetin (2 mg/l). The result of the observation form buds, but callus changes color and size kalus. Before and after color callus subculture of potentially forming buds is the A9 (MS + 0.5 mg/l NAA + 3 mg/l BA + 2 mg/l kinetin). While kalus response tends to be good on the A5 is 0 MS media (MS + 0.5 mg/l NAA + 2 mg/l BA + 0.2 mg/l TDZ) and G media is A2 (MS + 0.5 mg/l NAA + 2 mg/l BA).

The Effect of Gamma Irradiation 100 Gy on Stained Rice Seeds Msp-04 to on Vegetative and Generative Mutant Characters of M2 Generation

Silfiyah Ulfah, Agus Zainudin, Erfan Dani Septia — Wed, 30 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to obtain information on changes in the character of individual M2 generation mutant rice, similarities between individuals of the M2 generation mutant and its comparison, and correlation between variables. This research was conducted by observing the vegetative, generative, and potential yields of each individual rice mutant and its comparison. The data obtained were tested by cluster analysis and correlation analysis. The observations showed that almost all the characters of the M2 generation mutant individuals changed except for the qualitative vegetative characters. Cluster analysis based on quantitative vegetative character showed 1 different mutant individual (0% similarity), and 1 other individual with 38.83% similarity compared to other and non-mutant mutants, and commercial varieties. Based on quantitative and production generative characters, there are 2 distinct groups that differ from each other (0% similarity). The similarity range of each distinct group is 21.17-43.56%. The strong to very strong and very significant correlation that occurs in vegetative and generative characters with production is found between the number of tillers and panicles, total grain weight and dry grain weight of 98.7% each; 60.9% and 58.3%; the number of leaves is thus also between the number of panicles, total grain weight and dry grain weight respectively 91.3%; 53.3% and 53.4%; panicles with total grain weight and dry grain weight were 60.1% and 57.6%, respectively.

The Effect of Some Biological Fungicides and Liquid Organic Fertilizers on Sigatoka Disease on ‘Mas’ Banana Plants (Musa acuminata Colla)

Anugerah Iffanda Kharisma, Dian Indratmi, Ali Ikhwan — Wed, 30 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Banana (Musa acuminata Colla) is a tropical fruit with great economic potential and export prospects. According to the Directorate General of Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture, banana production from 2009 to 2014 fluctuated due to attacks by Plant Destruction Organisms (PDO), particularly Sigatoka disease caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella musciola. This study investigated biological agents like Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp., along with liquid organic fertilizers, to control the disease without synthetic fungicides.The research, conducted at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang, used a split-plot design with two factors: biological pesticides (Tricogreen, Natural Glio, Trico-G) and liquid organic fertilizers (rabbit urine POC, shrimp shell MOL, banana hump MOL). The experiment had nine treatment combinations with three plant samples each. Results showed that biological pesticides significantly reduced Sigatoka disease intensity, with the J3P3 treatment (Trico-G and Banana Hump MOL) achieving the lowest infection rate of 29.55%, reducing disease intensity by 70.45%. Liquid organic fertilizers also improved plant growth, increasing leaf number and leaf area. This indicates that biological agents and organic fertilizers effectively manage Sigatoka disease and promote healthy banana plant growth.

Test Application for Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Planting Media to Grow the Growth and Yield of Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.) Varieties of Bauji

Prabowo Rahadianto, Maftuchah, Ali Ikhwan — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The main commodity of food crops is rice which has a strategic function, namely as a staple food for the people of Indonesia. Maintaining the health and quality of soil biologically by reducing dependence on synthetic fertilizers. Swamp Inbred Paddy (Inpara) are superior varieties of paddy that are well cultivated in swamp land conditions, resistant to immersion, and adaptability to acidic soil conditions. This study investigates the combination of biological and synthetic fertilizers on the growth of flood-tolerant Inpara rice using a strip plot/split block design. The treatments used were 6 combinations of biological fertilizers-synthetic fertilizers and 3 paddy varieties with 3 replications. The results obtained from the analysis of variance then conducted a further test of BNJ to determine the performance of each variable. Correlation test is performed to determine the interactions and relationships between observational variables. Soil analysis is also carried out to determine the mineral content in the soil. The effect of the combination of synthetic and biological fertilizer doses with 3 Inpara paddy varieties interacted significantly on several observational variables resulting in significantly different performance. The combination treatment with 75% synthetic fertilizer and 25% biological fertilizer showed several parameters that were higher than the treatment with 100% synthetic fertilizer so that the use of synthetic fertilizer can be reduced.

Effect of Altitude and Dose of Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Growth of Ruskus Plants (Ruscus hypophyllum L.)

Nizar Zulmi Musyafa, Untung Santoso, Erny Ishartati — Thu, 31 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Ruscus hypophyllum is an ornamental plant leaves that serve as cut foliage and herbal medicine. It is growth very slow, only two rods per month, so that is necessary to optimization cultivation, one of them with treatment of altitude (environment) and fertilization This research aimed to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer dose altitude for growth of ruskus. The study was compiled using a factorial design nested prepared using RAK and repeated 3 times. The first factor is altitude of 500 m asl (T1), 800 m asl (T2) and 1500 m asl (T3). The second factor is nitrogen fertilization: 0 g/plant (N0), 2 g/plant (N1), 4 g/plant (N2) and 6 g/plant (N3). Based of the research, there was a very real interaction between altitude and dose of nitrogen fertilization on some parameters of observations include: shoot length, number of buds, young leaf chlorophyll, number of roots and root length. The best treatment was a combination of T3N1 (altitude 1500 m asl and nitrogen fertilizer 2 g / plant), separately treatment of altitude very significant effect on the parameters of the number of leaves and shoots appear, and the best treatment is T3 (altitude 1500 m asl). There is a very real correlation between treatment of observations include: the number of long shoots with leaves (0.75), long shoots with the number of shoots (0.64), long shoots with a number of roots (0.79), long shoots with long roots (0, 84), number of leaves with the number of shoots (0.76), young leaf chlorophyll with long roots (0.75) and the number of roots with root length (0.65). The results of path analysis, there are two parameters that have a direct influence on the observation that young leaf chlorophyll (0.094) and the old leaf chlorophyll (0.335).