Terapi perilaku dengan teknik reprimand dan token ekonomi untuk menurunkan perilaku agresif pada anak dengan oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/procedia.v13i3.37117Keywords:
Aggressive behavior, behavioral therapy, oppositional defiant disorder, reprimand, token economyAbstract
Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) often display patterns of defiant, irritable, and aggressive behaviors
that disrupt both social and academic functioning. Such behaviors not only hinder the learning process at school but
also place significant challenges on parents and teachers in managing discipline. This study aims to reduce aggressive behaviors through behavioral interventions using reprimand techniques and a token economy system. The subject was a 10-year-old boy who frequently engaged in aggressive acts, such as hitting, and resisted authority figures. The intervention consisted of nine sessions, including psychoeducation for parents and teachers, as well as the application of reprimand and token economy techniques in the school setting. Psychological assessments included clinical interviews, direct observation, graphic tests, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the child’s condition. The results indicated a significant decrease in the frequency of aggressive behaviors after several sessions, supported by consistent involvement from both the school and home environments.
Anak-anak dengan Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) sering menunjukkan pola perilaku menantang, mudah tersinggung, dan agresif yang mengganggu fungsi sosial dan akademik. Perilaku tersebut tidak hanya menghambat proses pembelajaran di sekolah tetapi juga memberikan tantangan yang signifikan bagi orang tua dan guru dalam mengelola disiplin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi perilaku agresif melalui intervensi perilaku menggunakan teknik teguran dan sistem token ekonomi. Subjek penelitian adalah seorang anak laki-laki berusia 10 tahun yang sering melakukan tindakan agresif, seperti memukul, dan melawan figur otoritas. Intervensi terdiri dari sembilan sesi, termasuk psikoedukasi untuk orang tua dan guru, serta penerapan teknik teguran dan token ekonomi di lingkungan sekolah. Asesmen psikologis meliputi wawancara klinis, observasi langsung, tes grafis, dan Skala Kecerdasan Wechsler untuk Anak-anak (WISC) untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang kondisi anak. Hasilnya menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan dalam frekuensi perilaku agresif setelah beberapa sesi, didukung oleh keterlibatan yang konsisten dari lingkungan sekolah dan rumah.
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