The Economic tokens to improve compliance behavior in children with intellectual disabilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/procedia.v13i2.37139Keywords:
Behavioral intervention, compliance, intellectual disability, reinforcement, token economyAbstract
Intellectual Disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant limitations in both adaptive
behavior and intellectual functioning, which originate before age 22. It affects children’s ability to understand, learn,
and apply information, as well as their ability to navigate social situations and perform daily activities. The goal of
this research is to prove the effectiveness of token economy techniques in increasing compliant behavior among
children with intellectual disabilities. The subject, a 13-year-old female with severe intellectual disability, underwent
a structured behavioral intervention using a token economy approach. This approach incentivizes desired behaviors
through immediate reinforcement. Assessment data were collected through observations, interviews, and Standard
Progressive Matrices (SPM). Results demonstrate a notable improvement in compliance, supporting the efficacy of token economy techniques as a viable behavioral modification method in educational settings for children with intellectual disabilities.
Disabilitas Intelektual (ID) adalah kondisi perkembangan saraf yang ditandai dengan keterbatasan signifikan baik dalam perilaku adaptif maupun fungsi intelektual, yang muncul sebelum usia 22 tahun. Kondisi ini memengaruhi kemampuan anak untuk memahami, belajar, dan menerapkan informasi, serta kemampuan mereka untuk menavigasi situasi sosial dan melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan efektivitas teknik ekonomi token dalam meningkatkan perilaku patuh di antara anak-anak dengan disabilitas intelektual. Subjek, seorang perempuan berusia 13 tahun dengan disabilitas intelektual berat, menjalani intervensi perilaku terstruktur menggunakan pendekatan ekonomi token. Pendekatan ini memberi insentif pada perilaku yang diinginkan melalui penguatan langsung. Data penilaian dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan Matriks Progresif Standar (SPM). Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan kepatuhan yang nyata, yang mendukung kemanjuran teknik ekonomi token sebagai metode modifikasi perilaku yang layak dalam lingkungan pendidikan untuk anak-anak dengan disabilitas intelektual.
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