PERAN MADU DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI PADA LUKA BAKAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/sm.v13i2.5413Abstract
Luka bakar dapat didefinisikan sebagai luka yang disebabkan oleh api, air panas, kontak dengan material panas atau dingin, bahan kimia dan aliran listrik yang melewati jaringan. Luka bakar adalah tempat yang ideal bagi bakteri untuk berkembang biak karena lingkungan nutrisi yang hangat dan lembab.Pengobatan modern untuk mencegah timbulnya infeksi menggunakan silver sulfadiaze (SSD) namun beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa penggunaan SSD dapat memperpanjang waktu penyembuhan luka. Sebagai pengobatan alternatif, madu dapat digunakan untuk mencegah infeksi tanpa memperpanjang waktu penyembuhan luka.Madu mengandung sejumlah besar karbohidrat, lipid, asam amino, protein, vitamin dan mineral yang memiliki peran penting dalam penyembuhan luka. Madu juga mengandung beberapa senyawa organik, yang telah terindentifikasi antara lain seperti polyphenol, flavonoid, dan glikosida. Mekanisme madu sebagai antibakteri dapat diklasifikasikan secara langsung dan tidak langsung. Mekanisme secara langsung didasarkan pada kemampuan komponen madu untuk membunuh bakteri. Mekanisme secara langsung meliputi mekanisme terbentuknya hidrogen peroksida (H2O2), osmolalitas tinggi, pH rendah, faktor non - peroksida, dan fenol. Mekanisme tidak langsung adalah respon antibakteri dari host yang dirangsang oleh madu terhadap bakteri. Mekanisme antibakteri tidak langsung meliputi limfosit dan produksi antibodi, sitokin dan respon imun, dan nitrit oksida.
Kata Kunci : Madu, Luka Bakar, Pertumbuhan Bakteri
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