Maqashid al-Syari'ah dan Penerapan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Masyarakat Islam

Authors

  • Ramin Abd. Wahid

Abstract

Abstract


Human rights are natural rights. The right of every person and can't be revoked. All countries and people should be able to accept the concepts of human rights, because the formulation has been enhanced by adopting a different cultural and religious diverse nation. Islamic Shari'a itself has a purpose that is consistent with the principles of human rightsThe purpose of Islamic law or maqashid al-syari'ah contains the five most fundamental rights which is a primary need -dhoruriyat al-khoms- namely the right to live, reasonable maintenance, guard the descendants, the recognition of property rights and freedom of religion. The Prophet himself in leading the people of Medina had applyed the principles of these rights. There are more similarities than differences between the international human rights principles, with the national principles of human rights based on Islamic perspective.


Keywords:
human rights, maslahah mursalah, maqashid al- syari'ah


Abstrak


Hak-hak asasi manusia merupakan hak kodrati. Hak yang dimiliki setiap orang dan tidak dapat dicabut. Semua negara dan umat manusia seharusnya dapat menerima konsep-konsep HAM, karena rumusannya telah disempurnakan dengan mengadopsi berbagai budaya bangsa dan agama yang beragam. Syari'at Islam sendiri mempunyai tujuan yang sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip hak asasi manusia. Tujuan hukum Islam atau maqashid al-syari'ah mengandung lima hak paling asasi yang merupakan kebutuhan primer -dhoruriyat al-khoms- yaitu hak hidup, pemeliharaan akal, penjagaan keturunan, pengakuan terhadap hak milik (harta) dan kebebasan beragama. Nabi sendiri dalam memimpin masyarakat Madinah telah menerapkan prinsip-prinsip hak asasi tersebut. Terdapat lebih banyak persamaan daripada perbedaan antara prinsip-prinsip HAM internasional, nasional dengan prinsip-prinsip hak-hak asasi manusia menurut perspektif Islam.


Kata Kunci:
hak asasi manusia, maslahah mursalah, maqashid al- syari'ah.

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Published

2012-10-24

Issue

Section

Editorial