KATA SERAPAN BAHASA SANSKERTA DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v1i2.2610Abstract
Abstrak: Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan tentang linguistis (1) kosakata bahasa Melayu yang diperoleh dari bahasa Sansekerta dan (2) perubahan bahasa Sanskerta dalam bahasa Melayu dan bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini bercorak kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian berasal dari dokumen tertulis berupa kamus, yaitu “Dictionaire Malais-Français Par L’abbé P. Favre, Vienne Imprimerie Impériale Et Royale, Tahun MDCCCLXXV Paris, buku 1 (917 halaman) dan Buku 2 (879 halaman)”. Hasil penelitian ini, dari 413 kosakata bahasa Melayu yang berasal dari bahasa Sanskerta menunjukkan (1) kosakata bahasa Sanskerta ada yang mengalami perubahan bentuk dan ada pula yang tetap sebagaimana bahasa asli Sanskerta, (2) perubahan makna terjadi bilamana (a) kata Sanskerta sama dengan bahasa Melayu dan berubah dalam bahasa Indonesia, (b) kata Sanskerta sama dengan bahasa Indonesia dan berubah dalam bahasa Melayu, (c) kosakata Sanskerta ditemukan dalam bahasa Melayu dan tidak menjadi bahasa Indonesia, dan (d) serapan Sanskerta dalam bahasa Melayu ditemukan juga dalam bahasa Kawi (Jawa Kuno), bahasa Jawa, dan bahasa Sunda, tetapi tidak/belum menjadi kosakata bahasa Indonesia.
Kata kunci: bahasa Sanskerta, bahasa Melayu, bahasa Indonesia, kata serapan
Abstract: This study aimed to obtain a linguistic description of (1) the vocabulary of the Malay language derived from Sanskrit and (2) the changing of Sanskrit in Malay and Indonesian languages. The data source was a written document, “Dictionaire Malais-Français Par L’abbé P. Favre, Vienne Imprimerie Impériale Et Royale, Tahun MDCCCLXXV Paris, Book 1 (917 pages) and Book 2 (879 pages)”. The results showed that out of 413 Malay vocabularies derived from the Sanskrit: (1) there were some Sanskrit words which underwent changing of form and some others were fixed as the original Sanskrit; (2) the change of meaning occurred when (a) Sanskrit words were identical with Malay and changed into Indonesian, (b) Sanskrit words were identical with Indonesian and changed into Malay, (c) Sanskrit vocabulary were found in Malay and not
become Indonesian, and (d) absorption of Sanskrit in Malay was also found in Old Javanese, Javanese, and Sundanese, but not/has not become Indonesian vocabulary.
Keywords: Sanskrit, Malay, Indonesian, absorbed words
Downloads
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with The KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (e-Journal) agree to the following terms:
Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY 3.0).
Under the CC-BY license, authors retain ownership of the copyright for their article, but authors grant others permission to use the content of publications in KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (e-Journal) in whole or in part provided that the original work is properly cited. Users (redistributors) of KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya are required to cite the original source, including the author's names, KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (e-Journal) as the initial source of publication, year of publication, volume number and DOI (if available).
Authors may publish the manuscript in any other journal or medium but any such subsequent publication must include a notice that the manuscript was initially published by KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (e-Journal).
Authors grant KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya (e-Journal) the right of first publication. Although authors remain the copyright owner, they grant the journal the irrevocable, nonexclusive rights to publish, reproduce, publicly distribute and display, and transmit their article or portions thereof in any manner.
_.png)
