IJOTA (Indonesian Journal of Tropical Aquatic)

Probiotic application in fermentation of fish feed materials: a review

Yuli Andriani — 2022-08-30

Feed is an essential component in fish farming because it supports the survival and growth of fish. Provision of feed, one of which can be done through the utilization of organic waste. One of the efforts used to improve the nutritional quality of feed ingredients is the fermentation technology using probiotic bacteria. The probiotic microbes used in the fermentation will overhaul the structure of the organic matter and the complex bonds contained in the feed ingredients. This right will lead to an increase in the quality of feed ingredients, and in turn, the product will be easily digested and meet the nutritional needs of fish. Search results in several studies indicate several types of microbes involved in probiotic fermentation, either singly or in consortia. Some of them are derived from the Bacillus, Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces groups. Applying probiotics in the fermentation process of feed ingredients can improve their nutritional quality. Examples of some common feed ingredients used in the fermentation process are coffee husk waste, banana peel waste, peanut shell waste, rice straw and coconut cake.

Effect of additional types of different probiotics on feed on the consumption rate, feed conversion ratio, protein, and fat retention Cyprinus carpio

Linda Puspitasari — 2022-08-30

Cyprinus carpio is a freshwater fish that is in great demand by the public because of several advantages, including its high protein content and affordable price. Carp (C. carpio) cultivation requires artificial feed as nutrients to support its growth. One aspect of stunted growth is low feed utilization, this is related to feed protein digestibility that is not optimal. One way to increase the digestibility of feed is by adding probiotics. The purpose of this study was to examine the addition of probiotics to artificial feed on the level of feed consumption, the value of the feed conversion ratio, the retention of protein in meat and retention of fat in the fish of Cyprinus carpio.

This research was conducted in May-June 2022 at the Laboratory of the School of Health and Natural Sciences. The results found that the addition of different types of probiotics to the feed can affect the level of consumption, feed conversion ratio, protein retention and fat retention of Cyprinus carpio fish. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Observations on each treatment showed different results. The results showed that probiotics had an effect (p<0.05) on TKP, RKP, RP, and RL. The best use of probiotics is found in P4 with the content of probiotic bacteria, namely Lactobacillus sp. Acetobacter sp. and yeast. The results obtained in the P4 treatment with a total value of 105.93 grams of feed consumption, 1.40 feed conversion ratio value, 65.68% meat protein retention value, and 187.59% meat fat retention value

Quality of traditional salt in the Tiberias Group, West Oesapa Village, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City.

Umbu Paru Lowu Dawa — 2022-08-30

The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of traditional salt through organoleptic tests (color and aroma), water content, NaCl content and total plate number (TPN). This research uses quality and quantity methods, data analysis method is a comparative descriptive method. The results showed that the quality of the salt produced traditionally through organopleptic tests had a color and aroma were acceptable NSI 4435-2017, the water control has met NSI 3556-2016 and NSI 4435-2017, while the NaCl content did not meet NSI 3556-2016, but it complied with NSI. 4435-2017 and the Total Plate Number (TPN) in coarse salt 2.7 × 102– 3.6 × 102 colony/g, well water 1.3 × 103– 1.8 × 103colonies/ml, filtering solution 1.9 × 103– 2.3 × 103 colonies/ml, filtered solution 1.6 × 103– 1.8 × 103colonies/ml. Meanwhile, the cooked salt was < 2.5 × 101colony/g (<25 colonies).

Performance of Biofloc with Different Carbon Sources on the Growth of Catfish (Pangasius sp.)

Christina Virginia Nince — 2022-08-30

The purpose of this study was to determine differences in carbon sources on the growth of catfish (Pangasius sp). The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used were tapioca flour, corn starch, and wheat flour with a dose of 2 g/l carbon source water, 0.01 ml/l probiotics, and 3 g/l salts. The research variables observed were the growth pattern of catfish (Pangasius sp), the number of floc volumes, and water quality. The results showed that the performance of bioflocs with different carbon sources resulted in different daily growth patterns of catfish in each treatment, where the highest daily growth pattern was in the 60^th-day tapioca flour treatment reaching 1.96%/day, corn starch treatment 1.57 %/day, and wheat flour treatment 1.74%/day. The results of water quality measurements for each treatment were still in the optimal range for the life and growth of catfish. Ammonia reduction in tapioca flour treatment was 0.57 mg/l, corn starch treatment was 0.36 mg/l, while in wheat flour treatment there was no reduction in ammonia due to low temperature at the end of the study so it interfered with bacterial metabolism in assimilating nitrogen can still be tolerated by catfish (Pangasius sp).

Measured Catch Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) Based on the Walter-Hilbron Non-Equilibrium Model) Bangkalan Madura Waters

Siti Naviah — 2022-08-31

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) as an export product relies mostly on catches, one of which is in Fishery Management Area 712, where this research was carried out. The frequency of fishing efforts continues to increase because of its high economic value; however, there is not much information about the resource as a basis for following up on Law Number 45 of 2009 concerning measurable fish catches based on control output. Descriptive research method with the aim of mapping crab resources based on the "Walter-Hilbron Non- Equilibrium Model" The results showed that the maximum catch production (CMSY) was 63,886.114 kg/year with standard Trammel net fishing gear, intrinsic growth was 50.91%/year, the carrying capacity of the waters was 50195,336 Kg/year, dominant species was Portunus pelagicus, Optimum effort (Eopt) 6363750 trip/year with a resource potential of 25097.668 kg/year. This information forms the basis for resource mapping in order to increase inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

Ammonia reduction by different thickness coral shard filter in cultivation of Catfish (Pangasius sp)

Desi Maria Sabu — 2022-08-31

Catfish (Pangasius sp.) is a consumption fish that is quite popular and has a selling value. Fish have tolerance standards for water quantity and quality, so water as a living medium should be managed in aquaculture. One of the water quality parameters that affect the survival of cultured fish is ammonia (NH₃). Ammonia at high concentrations can adversely affect fish, such as reducing the ability of the blood to carry oxygen, damage to body tissues, fish susceptible to disease, inhibiting growth and death. This research aimed to determine the thickness of the coral shard filter, which effectively reduces ammonia (NH₃) in catfish culture. This research was conducted at the Dry Fisheries Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Nusa Cendana. The research started from February 2022 - April 2022. The implementation of this research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely: without coral shards filter (A), treatment using a coral shard filter with a thickness of 5 cm (B), coral shard filter with a thickness of 10 cm (C) and coral shard filter with a thickness of 15 cm (D). Results show that filter coral shards treatment with 5 cm thickness can reduce the concentration of ammonia in the cultivation of fish catfish from a score beginning research of 0.02 mg/L to 0.018 mg/L in the end research.