PENGARUH PENDEKATAN BERMAIN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL ANAK AUTIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/jk.v5i1.1859Keywords:
Pendekatan bermain, interaksi social, anak autis.Abstract
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN BERMAIN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL ANAK AUTIS
(The Effect of Play Approach with Social Interaction Ability of Autism Children)
Rossyana Septyasih1, Swito Prastiwi2, Djoko Setyono3
1,2 & 3Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Malang
Jalan besar Ijen No.77C Malang
e-mail. 1) hermawan.rossyana@gmail.com
ABSTRAK
Autisme merupakan kelainan genetik yang polimorfis. Adapun beberapa gangguannya adalah dalam bidang bicara, bahasa, komunikasi, interaksi social, sensoris, pola bermain, perilaku, serta emosi. Prevalensinya dari tahun ke tahun penderita autism mengalami peningkatan yang dratis. Telah dikaji pendekatan bermain secara personal mampu meningkatkan kemampuan interaksi social anak autis. Perlu dikaji pendekatan bermain menggunakan teman sebaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan interaksi social. Penelitian menggunakan desain Pre eksperimen. Populasi semua Anak Autis yang berusia 2 tahun sampai 6 tahun di Pusat Terapi Terpadu A Plus Malang, sampel diambil total sampling sejumlah 10 orang anak. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner dan observasi untuk mengkaji perilaku interaksi social anak autis, data yang terkumpul dianalisa dengan analisa deskriptif dan uji Rank Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian didapatkan untuk hubungan timbale balik p value 0,045, alpha 0,05 berarti terdapat perbedaan hubungan timbale balik sebelum dan setelah dilakukan pendekatan bermain dan untuk kualitas hubungan p value 0,108. Alpha 0,05, berarti tidak terdapat perbedaan kualitas hubungan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pendekatan bermain. Total interaksi social anak autis sebelum dan setelah dilakukan pendekatan bermain p value 0,001 , Alpha 0,05 berarti pendekatan bermain berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan interaksi social anak autis. Penelitian menyarankan bagi lembagapendidikan autis untuk menggunakan pendekatan bermain sebagai metode mengembangkan kompetensi interaksi social anak autis dengan melibatkan keluarga dan teman sebaya.
Kata Kunci: Pendekatan bermain, interaksi social, anak autis.
ABSTRACT
Autism is a genetic disorder that polymorphic. children with autism have some disturbances in the areas of speech, language, communication, social interaction, sensory, play patterns, behavior, and emotion. Prevalence from year to year with autism has increased dramatically. It has been studied in a personal approach to playing to increase social interaction skills of autistic children. Needs to be studied approach play using peers to improve social interaction. Research using Pre experimental designs. Population all Autistic Children aged 2 years to 6 years at the Center for Integrated Therapy A Plus Malang, total sample, sampling some 10 children. Data collection by questionnaire and observation to examine the behavior of social interaction of children with autism, collected data wereanalyzed with descriptive analysis and Wilcoxon Rank test. The results obtained for the interrelationships p value 0,045 < Alpha 0,05 means there is a reciprocal relationship before and after play andapproaches to relationship quality p value 0,108 > Alpha 0,05, meaning there is no difference in the quality of relationships before and after approach play. Total social interaction of children with autism before and after approach play p value 0,001 < Alpha 0,05 means approach to playing effect on social interaction skills of autistic childesn. Research suggests for autism sducation institutions to use the approach as a method to develop competencies play social interaction of children with autism by involving family and peers.
Keywords: approach play, social interaction, children with autism,
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