TRANSPORT METILMERKURI (MeHg) DAN MERKURI INORGANIK (I-Hg) TERHADAP JANIN DAN ASI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/jk.v4i2.2360Keywords:
Methyl Mercury, Mercury Inorganic, Fetus, BreasfeedingAbstract
TRANSPORT METILMERKURI (MeHg) DAN MERKURI INORGANIK (I-Hg) TERHADAP JANIN DAN ASITransport of Methylmercury and Inorganic Mercuryto the Fetus and Breast-Fed Infant
Henny Dwi Susanti
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangJl. Bendungan Sutami 188A Malang 65145E-mail : hanisusanti@yahoo.com
ABSTRAK
Merkuri (Hg) merupakan salah satu logam berat yang berbahaya. Toksisitas Hg berbeda sesuai dengan bentuk kimianya, merkuri inorganik (I-Hg) bersifat toksik terhadap organ ginjal, sedangkan merkuri organik seperti metil merkuri (MeHg) bersifat toksik terhadap susunan sistim syaraf pusat. Hg bisa menguap di udara dan dapat menembus sawar plasenta. Kandungan MeHg pada bayi dua kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan darah ibu saat melahirkan, sedangkan kandungan Hg lebih tinggi sebelum persalinan daripada selama periode menyusui, dan kandungan MeHg pada bayi saat menyusui lebih tinggi dibandingkan I-Hg. Metode yang digunakan adalah a literature study approach. MeHg dan I-Hg adalah neurotoksik yang berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan otak dan mudah ditransfer melalui plasenta janin. Bahaya Hg bisa mengakibatkan retardasi mental, penurunan kognitif, penurunan pendengaran, penurunan kemampuan berbicara dan penyakit lain yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada janin. Kandungan MeHg juga ditemukan didalam Air Susu Ibu (ASI) meskipun kecil kandungannya. Pencegahan untuk mengurangi kandungan Hg pada janin dan ibu hamil adalah dengan tidak mengkonsumsi spesies ikan tertentu yang terpapar MeHg.
Kata kunci : Metil Merkuri, Merkuri Inorganik, Janin, Menyusui
ABSTRACT
Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal that is dangerous. Hg toxicity differ according to their chemical forms, the inorganic mercury (I-Hg) is toxic to the kidneys, whereas organic mercury as methylmercury (MeHg) is toxic to the central nervous system arrangement. Hg can evaporate in the air and can penetrate the placental barrier. The content of MeHg in infants two times higher than the maternal blood, whereas higher Hg content before delivery than during the period of breastfeeding, and the content of MeHg in the baby during breastfeeding is higher than I- Hg. The method used was a literature study approach. MeHg and I- Hg is the neurotoxic effect on brain development is transferred through the placenta and fetus. Hg danger can result in mental retardation, cognitive impairment, hearing loss, decreased ability to speak and other diseases that affect the growth and development of the fetus. The content of MeHg also found in mother’s milk (ASI) although minor ingredient. Prevention to reduce the amount of Hg in the fetus and pregnant women is by not eating certain fish species were exposed to MeHg .
Keywords : Methyl Mercury, Mercury Inorganic, Fetus, Breasfeeding
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Published
2015-03-28
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