Analisis Dukungan Petugas Kesehatan Dalam Optimalisasi Competence Baby Care Pada Ibu muda Melalui Pendekatan Maternal Sensitivity Models Berbasis Keluarga (Analysis of Health Official Support in Optimizing Baby Care Competencies among Early Mothers Using Family-based Maternal Sensitivity Models)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Bayi merupakan kelaompok yang sangat rentan terhadap kondisi sakit, karena imunitas bayi masih rendah. Perawatan bayi yang kurang tepat dapat menimbulkan bayi berisiko sakit. Petugas kesehatan memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam membantu ibu muda dan keluarga dalam optimalisasi perawatan bayi. Metoda: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengeksplorasi peran petugas kesehatan dalam Optimalisasi  Competence  Baby Care pada ibu muda melalui pendekatan Maternal Sensitivity Models berbasis keluarga. Pendekatan penelitian berupa partisipatif (kualitatif) dan Participatory Action Reseacrh (PRA). Tehnik pengumpulan data melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan indept interview pada petugas kesehatan di Puskesmas Sumbersari dan Sukorambi Jember sejumlah 9 partisipan, sedangkan jumlah responden yang menjadi subyek penelitian adalah 50 keluarga. Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling pada bulan Maret - Agustus 2016. Analisis data secara kuantitaf dan kualitatif. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan jenis penyakit tersering pada bayi adalah ISPA, diare dan febris. Ibu muda dan keluarga sudah memiliki perilaku baik dalam menggunakan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan saat bayi sakit, meskipun terdapat keluarga yang datang terlambat, dan keluarga cenderung tidak melakukan follow up. Cakupan imunisasi sudah memenuhi target, namun cakupan ASI Ekslusif masih tergolong rendah. Perawatan bayi berupa memandikan bayi dan perawatan tali pusat cenderung diserahkan pada orang lain. Penyuluhan kesehatan tentang perawatan bayi sudah dilakukan, hanya untuk topik tumbuh kembang dan stimulasinya belum pernah diberikan. Diskusi: petugas kesehatan disarankan memiliki  rancangan program yang lebih efektif dan terstruktur dalam membangun persepsi masyarakat tentang peraatan bayi, termasuk melakukan pelatihan kader secara berkesinambungan agar kegiatan meja 5 pada pelayanan Posyandu dapat ditingkatkan.

Kata Kunci: Dukungan, Petugas kesehatan, Competence Baby Care, ibu muda.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Infants are extremely vulnerable group to various pain conditions because their immunity system is still low. The lack of proper baby care can cause the infants to be risky to illness. Health officials play a very important role in helping early mothers and families in optimizing baby care.Method: This research was conducted to explore the role of health officials in optimizing Baby Care Competencies among early mothers through the approach of Family-based Maternal Sensitivity Models. It was applied in the form of participative(qualitative) and Participatory Action Research (PRA). The data were collectedusing Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and indept interview on health officials in both public health centers of Sumbersari and Sukorambi Jember with 9 participants, while the number of respondents who became the subject of this research were 50 families. Purposive sampling was used for the sampling techniques conducted in March to August 2016. The data were then analyzed both in quantitative and qualitative methods.Results: The findings confirmed that the most common diseases undergone by infants were respiratory infections, such as diarrhea and febrile. Early mothers and families already had good behaviors in the use of health care facilities when the baby was sick, although there were some families who came late, and then they tend not to follow it up. Immunization coverage had already met the target, but the exclusive breastfeeding was still relatively low. Baby care, such as bathing and cord care, tend to be taken over to another one. Health education about baby care had already done, but the topicof baby growth and development as well as the stimulation had never been yet given. Discussion: It is suggested to the health officials to have more effective and well structured program design in building public perception of baby care, including the training of cadres on an ongoing basis so that the activities of table 5 on Maternal and Child Health services can be improved.

Keywords: Support, health officials, baby care competencies, early mothers.