Legal Certainty and Executive Office Incompatibility: Constitutional Adjudication, Transitional Compliance, and Governance Integrity

Ismet Hadi; Moh. Fadli; Sukardi Sukardi; Radian Salman; Rosa Ristawati

doi:10.22219/ilrej.v6i1.43789

Authors

Ismet Hadi Faculty of Social Sciences, Legal Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo, Indonesia
Moh. Fadli Faculty of Law, Universitas BrawijayaIndonesia
Sukardi Sukardi Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Radian Salman Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Rosa Ristawati Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22219/ilrej.v6i1.43789

Keywords:

constitutional adjudication, legal certainty, executive office incompatibility, conflict of interest governance, state-owned enterprise oversight

Abstract

This article examines how Constitutional Court Decision Number 128/PUU-XXIII/2025 reshapes the legal framework of executive office incompatibility in Indonesia by extending the prohibition under Article 23 of the State Ministry Law to vice ministers. Using doctrinal legal research, the study analyses the court’s constitutional reasoning, the legal effects of its conditional ruling, and the implications of its transitional compliance period for executive appointments and state-owned enterprise governance. The article finds that the decision strengthens legal certainty by closing a statutory gap where vice ministers were allowed to hold concurrent corporate positions, particularly as commissioners or directors in state owned enterprises. However, the grace period introduced by the court may generate compliance ambiguity unless it is followed by coordinated and transparent administrative measures. The article contributes to constitutional law studies, as it demonstrates how conditional constitutional adjudication can transform judicial reasoning into a binding governance norm. This study recommends an immediate prohibition on new dual appointments, a centralised register of affected office holders, a time-bound replacement schedule, and interim safeguards such as disclosure, recusal, and verifiable reporting to ensure consistent implementation and preserve governance integrity.

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