KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROFAUNA TANAH DI KAWASAN PERKEBUNAN COKLAT (Theobroma cacao L. ) SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR KESUBURAN TANAH DAN SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI

Authors

  • Endrik Nurrohman
  • Abdulkadir Rahardjanto
  • Sri Wahyuni

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v1i2.3331

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 20-28 Maret 2015 dengan metode jebakan (Pit tfall Trap). Penelitian dilakuka  bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis makrofauna tanah, parameter ekologi, indeks keanekaragaman jenis, dan indeks kemerataan jenis yang terdapat di kawasan perkebunan coklat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makrofauna tanah yang ditemukan terdiri dari jenis Tachita angulata, Cryptocercus garciai, Lymnaea rubiginosa, Odontoponera denticulata, Sigmoria trimaculata, Pirata piratichus, Sitena sp., Grillus sp., Scolopendra gigantea, Forficula auricularia, Hydrochara soror, Leptocarisa acuta, Trigoniulus corallinus, Odontomanchus sp., Lumbricus rubellus, Phyllopaga sp., Componatus arogans, Geophilus sp., Gryllotalpa grillotalpa, Ploiaria sp.. Parameter ekologi makrofauna tanah adalah: (1) Kepadatan berkisar antara 0,25 ind/m2 – 4,75 ind/m2, kepadatan relatif berkisar antara 0,002 - 0,052. kepadatan terendah jenis Grillotalpa grillotalpa dan tertinggi jenis Pirata piraticus (2) Frekuensi berkisar antara 0,16 – 1,00, frekuensi relatif berkisar antara 0,018 – 0,115 dengan nilai frekuensi terendah jenis Grillotalpa grillotalpa dan tertinggi jenis Scolopendra gigantea. (3) Indeks nilai penting tertinggi jenis Pirata piratichus  5,28, terendah Grillotalpa grillotalpa 0,027. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis Shannon wiener (H’) kategori keanekaragaman jenis rendah. Nilai evennes (E) populasi cenderung merata. Hail Uji C-Organik tanah sangat tinggi berarti tanah tergolong tanah yang subur. Rendahnya keanekaragaman karena adanya penggunaan pestisida jenis Carbokfuran yang mendominasi. Hasil penelitian ini digunakan sebagai sumber belajar biologi berupa buku petunjuk praktikum.

Kata kunci: Makrofauna Tanah, Bioindikator dan Keanekaragaman

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Published

2016-06-20

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2015): JULY

Section

Articles

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