Pamole’ Beo’: Pesta syukur padi petani ladang Dayak Tamambaloh di Kalimantan Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/satwika.v5i2.17938Keywords:
Berladang, Upacara Syukur, Dayak Tamambaloh, Pamole’ beo’Abstract
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena diinkulturasikannya upacara syukur panen padi (Pamole’ Beo’) masyarakat Dayak Tamambaloh dengan perayaan Pentakosta Gereja Katolik, serta telah dijadikan ajang festival budaya. Fenomena ini tentu menunjukkan terdapatnya nilai-nilai luhur pada upacara Pamole’ Beo’. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekplorasi nilai-nilai warisan budaya takbenda pada upacara Pamole’ Beo’ Dayak Tamambaloh. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara langsung dan wawancara mendalam dengan pendekatan etnografis. Penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa upacara Pamole’ Beo’ merupakan bagian dari ritus kehidupan berladang Dayak Tamambaloh. Ritus berladang ini dimulai dan diakhir dengan upacara Pamole’ Beo’ sebagai bentuk memanggil beo’ atau pertanda-pertanda yang baik dan mengembalikan atau membuang beo’ yang buruk. Berladang dan upacara Pamole’ Beo’ pada etnis Dayak Tamambaloh memiliki nilai-nilai yang luhur, yakni memperkuat ikatan sosial, menjaga kelestarian lingkungan alam, mentransmisi sistem pengetahun tradisional, mentransmisikan nilai-nilai karakter, nilai-nilai filosofi serta menjaga ketahanan pangan keluarga. Pemerintah Indonesia melalui instansi terkait, sangat penting untuk melakukan pencatatan dan penetapan Pamole’ Beo’ sebagai warisan budaya takbenda pada Etnis Dayak Tamambaloh, terutama karena sifatnya yang dinamis, retan untuk punah.
The background of this study is the phenomenon that the rice harvest thanksgiving ceremony (Pamole' Beo') in Dayak Tamambaloh has been inculturated with the Pentecostal celebration of the Catholic Church, and has become a cultural festival. This phenomenon has certainly shown the existence of noble values at the Pamole' Beo' ceremony. Therefore, this study aims to explore the values of intangible cultural heritage at the Pamole' Beo' Dayak Tamambaloh ceremony. The research has been carried out by direct observation and in-depth interviews with an ethographic approach. This study, has shown that the Pamole' Beo' ceremony is part of the rite of life in the Dayak Tamambaloh farm. This farming rite begins and ends with the Pamole' Beo' ceremony as a form of calling Beo' or good omens, and returning or removing bad omens. Farming and the Pamole' Beo' ceremony in the Tamambaloh Dayak ethnic have noble values, namely strengthening social bonds, preserving the natural environment, transmitting traditional knowledge systems, transmitting character values, philosophical values and maintaining family food security. The Indonesian government, through the relevant agencies, is very important to record and stipulate the Pamole 'Beo' as an intangible cultural heritage of the Tamambaloh Dayak Ethnic, mainly due to its dynamic nature, prone to extinction.
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