Tantangan primordialisme dalam upaya membangun budaya politik nasional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/satwika.v5i2.17990Keywords:
Primordialism, Conflict, Nation_State, Democracy, IndonesiaAbstract
Persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa sangat penting dalam sebuah negara bangsa (nation state). Indonesia dihadapkan pada persoalan heterogenitas suku, bahasa, ras, agama, dan kedaerahan yang menjadi tantangan dalam membangunan budaya politik nasional. Oleh karena itu tujuan artikle ini adalah untuk mengkaji ikatan primordial dalam proses national and character building. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur. Sementara teknis analisanya menggunakan analisis isi. Kebutuhan data diambil dari berbagai sumber, baik buku, jurnal, maupun dokumen cetak dan digital. Temuan penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Primordialisme menjadi unsur yang paling penting dalam kenakaragaman bangsa dan berperan dalam menumbuhkan patriotisme, namun menjadi tantangan ketika membangun budaya nasional, (2) negara melakukan berbagai upaya dalam mempersatukan keragaman memalui berbagai kebijakan seperti monitisasi ideologi yang cenderung mengarah ke totaliter. Hal tersebut berimplikasi pada marginalisasi dan eliminasi yang menghambat kebebasan yang penting dalam membangun kreativitas dan inovasi dalam negara demokrasi.
Unity and diversity is the most urgent thing in a nation-state (nation-state). Indonesia is faced with the problem of ethnic, linguistic, racial, religious, and regional heterogeneity which is a challenge in building a national political culture. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine primordial bonds in the process of national and character building. This study used a qualitative approach with a systematic literature method. While the technical analysis used content analysis. Data needs were taken from various sources, books, journals, and documents, both printed and digital. The research findings show that: (1) Primordialism is the most important element in the diversity of the nation and play a role in fostering patriotism, but it becomes a challenge when building a national culture. (2) The state makes various efforts to unite diversity through various policies such as ideology uniformity which tends to lead to totalitarian. This has implications for marginalization and elimination that hinder freedom which is important in building creativity and innovation in a democratic country.
Downloads
References
Alkatiri, W. (2018). Reconsidering the modern nation state in the Anthropocene. Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis, 28, 116–158. https://doi.org/10.30674/scripta.70070
Asmoro, N., Prihantoro, M., & Fikri, I. (2021). Strengthening the Development of State Defense Resources and Building the National Logistic Reserves. 5(1), 54–59. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20210501.16
Baswedan, A. R. (2004). Sirkulasi Suara dalam Pemilu 2004. Analisis CSIS, 33(2), 173–189.
Berger, E. C. (2006). Permanent War on Peru’S Periphery: Frontier Identity and the Politics of Conflict in 17Th Century Chile.
Boangmanalu, A. S. (2009). Ampe Sahrianita Boangmanalu : Pandangan PKS Pakpak Bharat Terhadap Partisipasi Politik Perempuan, 2009.
Christian, H. A. and D. (2017). Perjalanan Reformasi Ekonomi Indonesia 1997-2016. (August), 1–16. Retrieved from https://www.csis.or.id/uploaded_file/publications/perjalanan_reformasi_ekonomi_indonesia_1997-2016.pdf
Darby, J., Li, C. W., & Muscatelli, V. A. (2004). Political uncertainty, public expenditure and growth. European Journal of Political Economy, 20(1), 153–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2003.01.001
Fawaid, A., Zamroni, & Baharun, H. (2019). Contesting sacred architecture: Politics of “nation-state” in the battles of mosques in Java. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 7(1), 129–171. https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v7i1.4365
Fionna, U. (2016). The trap of pop-charisma for the institutionalization of Indonesia’s post-Suharto parties. Asian Journal of Political Science, 24(1), 124–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02185377.2015.1136227
Gauthier, D. J. (2011). Martin Heidegger, Emmanuel Levinas, and the politics of dwelling. (December), 194.
Hadiz, V. R. (2017). Indonesia’s year of democratic setbacks: towards a new phase of deepening illiberalism? Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 53(3), 261–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2017.1410311
Hidayat, M. A. (2019). Identity in the Contemporary Indonesian Post-Truth Society - Primordialism on Social Media in the 2017 Election of the DKI Jakarta Governor. (ICoCSPA 2018), 42–46. https://doi.org/10.5220/0008816500420046
Hilmy, M. (2015). Radikalisme Agama Dan Politik Demokrasi Di Indonesia Pasca-Orde Baru. MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 39(2), 407–425. https://doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v39i2.33
Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2017). Cleavage Theory Meets Europe’s Crises : Lipset , Rokkan , and the Transnational Cleavage. Journal of European Public Policy, Special Is(April). https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2017.1310279
Huda, M. C. (2018). Meneguhkan Pancasila Sebagai Ideologi Bernegara: Implemetasi Nilai-Nilai Keseimbangan dalam Upaya Pembangunan Hukum di Indonesia. Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik, 1(1), 78–99. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2489/resolusi.v1i1.160
Juditha, C. (2019). Buzzer di Media Sosial Pada Pilkada dan Pemilu Indonesia Buzzer in Social Media in Local Elections and Indonesian Elections. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Komunikasi Dan Informatika, Vol. 3, pp. 199–212.
Kristiono, N. (2017). Penguatan Ideologi Pancasila Di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Semarang. Harmony, 2(2), 193–204. Retrieved from https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/harmony/article/view/20171/9563
Laporan LSI. (2008). Faktor Etnis dalam Pilkada. Lingkaran Surver Indonesia.
Leib, J., & Garretson, P. (2003). the Florida State University College of Social Sciences Shifting Turkish American Identity Formations in the. World Trade.
Maemunah, M. (2020). Voting Results Concurrent Election in Indonesia in 2019. CIVICUS : Pendidikan-Penelitian-Pengabdian Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan, 8(2), 46. https://doi.org/10.31764/civicus.v8i2.2860
Miedema, T. E. (2010). Violent Conflict and Social Capital in Ethnically-Polarized Developing Countries. A Thesis Submitted in Conformity with the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Juridical Science Graduate Department of the Faculty of Law University of Toronto ©.
Munabari, F., Larasati, N. U., Ihsan, R., & Nurhadiyanto, L. (2020). Islamic Revivalism in Indonesia: The Caliphate, Sharia, NKRI, Democracy, and the Nation-State. Jurnal Politik, 5(2), 281. https://doi.org/10.7454/jp.v5i2.263
Musofiana, I., & Maerani, I. A. (2020). JPH: Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum Volume 7, Number 3, December 2020. 7(3Musofiana, Ida, and Ira Alia Maerani, ‘JPH: Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum Volume 7, Number 3, December 2020’, 7.3 (2020), 201–10), 201–210.
Nurjaman, A., Suprapto, B., & Masmuh, A. (2018). Nationalist Vs Islamic: The dynamic of politik aliran in post-suharto Indonesia. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 26(3), 2009–2020.
Pamungkas, A. D., & Arifin, R. (2019). Demokrasi Dan Kampanye Hitam Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemilu Di Indonesia. Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum, 17(9), 16–30.
Partai, T., & Demokrasi, B. (2012). Pemilu Alternatif ala Bung Hatta :
Partnership, K. (2008). Kebijakan Otonomi Khusus di Indonesia. Retrieved from www.kemitraan.or.id/.../Kebijakan Otonomi Khusus Di Indonesia.pdf
Reimondos, A., & Mcdonald, P. (2015). International Journal of Indonesian Studies, Vol 1 2013. International Journal of Indonesian Studies, 1(2), 79–109.
Resminingayu, D. H. (2020). Revisiting Ethnicity in Southeast Asia. Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya, 10(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v10i3.370
Rizqi, A. R. (2020). Pancasila in the Primordialism and Modernism Intersections. 429(Icasseth 2019), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200402.006
Rochadi, A. F. S., Pramanti, A., & Sulaiman, A. (2019). Labour, democracy and identity politics, in Indonesian industry during the Jokowi Era. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 10(7), 320–331.
Saddam, S., Mubin, I., & SW, D. E. M. (2020). Perbandingan Sistem Sosial Budaya Indonesia Dari Masyarakat Majemuk Ke Masyarakat Multikultural. Historis: Jurnal Kajian, Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Sejarah, 5(2), 136–145.
Sai, D. K. (2008). the American Occupation of the Hawaiian Kingdom: Beginning the Transition From Occupied To Restored State.
Sobari, W. (2016). Anut Grubyuk in the Voting Process: The Neglected Explanation of Javanese Voters (Preliminary Findings). Southeast Asian Studies, 5(2), 239–268. https://doi.org/10.20495/seas.5.2
Supriyanto, E. E. (2021). Revitalization of Pancasila as a Solution to The Problems Faced by The Indonesian Nation. Jurnal Pendidikan Nusantara, 1(2), 52–61.
Sweeney, K. J. (2004). a Dyadic Theory of Conflict: Power and Interests in World Politics.
Tanzi, V. (1998). The Demise of the Nation State? IMF Working Papers, 98(120), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451854244.001
Tradisi, D., An, P. A., Jamil, M., & Kunci, K. (n.d.). Pergeseran epistemologi dalam tradisi penafsiran al-qur’an.
Trihartono, A., & Patriadi, H. B. (2016). The 2014 Indonesian general election and beyond: Melting “frozen” cleavages. Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, 1(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891115620699
Ufen, A. (2006). Political Parties in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Between Politik Aliran and “Philippinisation.” German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Working Pa(December), 1–35. Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2123232
Ufen, A. (2008). The Evolution of Cleavages in the Indonesian Party System. GIGA Working Papers, April(74), 5–24. Retrieved from www.giga-hamburg.de/workingpapers
Umam, F. (2019a). Ideological Involution of the Islamists. ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam, 20(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v20i1.5714
Umam, F. (2019b). Ideological Involution of the Islamists. ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam, 20(1), 25–45. https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v20i1.5714
Wahidin, D. T. S., Muhyidin, A., Iswahyuni, I., & Ilmar, A. (2020). Partai Politik dan Perilaku Pemilih Di Indonesia (Studi Pada Pemilu Legislatif 2009, 2014, dan 2019). Journal of Government and Civil Society, 4(1), 131. https://doi.org/10.31000/jgcs.v4i1.2376
Weiss, M. L. (2010). Southeast Asia ’ s Muslim Majority Democracies Elections and Islamism outside the MENA Region. Taiwan Journal of Democracy, 6(1), 81–106.
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on Conducting a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X17723971
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Asep Nurjaman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Satwika : Kajian Ilmu Budaya dan Perubahan Sosial agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Satwika, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the publishing right to the publisher.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)
