高考 Gāokǎo sebagai penentu masa depan: Tinjauan film Better Days (少年的你 Shào Nián de Nǐ)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/satwika.v7i1.25314Keywords:
budaya, bahasa, nilai budaya, Pelajar Tiongkok, Popular Culture, Representasi, TradisiAbstract
高考 Gāokǎo adalah sistem ujian masuk perguruan tinggi nasional di Tiongkok. Sistem ujian 高考 gāokǎo menjadi salah satu fenomena di Tiongkok karena dianggap penting untuk menentukan masa depan siswa (Liu, 2006). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui urgensi 高考 gāokǎo sebagai penentu masa depan siswa di Tiongkok dalam film “Better Days” atau dalam Bahasa Mandarin berjudul 《少年的你 Shào Nián de Nǐ》. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan paradigma fenomenologi. Data penelitian ini menggunakan transkripsi data tekstual berupa dialog Bahasa Mandarin antar tokoh-tokoh film “Better Days”. Data dianalisis menggunakan teori Liu (2006) mengenai peran penting ujian 高考 gāokǎo. Melalui empat belas data berupa dialog yang berkaitan dengan ujian, diketahui bahwa 高考gāokǎo dianggap penting bagi guru, orang tua, dan siswa itu sendiri. Dari sudut pandang guru, 高考 gāokǎo sebagai pembimbing pengajaran dan pembelajaran di sekolah menengah dan juga mengangkat derajat guru dan sekolah. Selanjutnya, dari sudut pandang orang tua yaitu kelak dapat memperbaiki kehidupan perekonomian dan mengangkat derajat keluarga. Terakhir, dari sudut pandang siswa, 高考 gāokǎo menjadi harapan untuk mengubah status sosial di masa depan dan kehidupan yang sejahtera.
高考 Gāokǎo is The National College Entrance Examination which is held in China. It has become a phenomenon in China since it is considered important to determine students’ future (Liu, 2006). The aim of this study is that to know the urgency of 高考 gāokǎo as a determinant of the students’ future in China in the film “Better Days” or in Mandarin entitled 《少年的你 Shào Nián de Nǐ》. Furthermore, this study was a descriptive qualitative research by using a phenomenological paradigm. The data of this study used transcription of textual data in the form of dialogues in Mandarin between the characters in the film “Better Days”. Moreover, the data were analyzed by using (Liu, 2006) theory regards to the important role of the高考gāokǎo examination. Through fourteen data in the form of dialogues related to exams, it shows that高考gāokǎo is considered important for teachers, parents, and the students themselves. Meanwhile, from the teacher’s point of view, 高考gāokǎo has function to guide teaching and learning in senior high schools; besides, it has function to elevate teachers and schools. In addition, from the parents’ point of view, it can improve economic life in the future and elevate the degree of the family. Finally, from student’s point of view, 高考gāokǎo is a hope for changing social status in the future and a prosperous life.
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