Industri Pembuatan Jukung di Desa Pulau Sewangi Kecamatan Alalak Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2010-2022

Abstract

Di masa lalu, jukung memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat Banjar, baik sebagai alat transportasi maupun simbol budaya. Kemajuan teknologi darat telah secara signifikan mengurangi peran penting jukung, yang menyebabkan penurunan produksi dan penggunaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab penurunan produksi jukung di kalangan masyarakat Banjar di Desa Pulau Sewangi dari tahun 2010-2022. Dengan menggunakan metode historis, penelitian ini melibatkan empat tahap: heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Pada tahap heuristik data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan pengrajin jukung, dan studi pustaka. Tahap kritik memverifikasi keaslian sumber dan menilai kredibilitas informasi. Pada tahap interpretasi, data dianalisis untuk memahami dampak ekonomi dan teknologi pada industri jukung. Historiografi menyusun interpretasi-interpretasi tersebut ke dalam sebuah narasi yang koheren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan ini disebabkan oleh peningkatan infrastruktur dan akses perjalanan darat yang telah mengubah pola transportasi. Selain itu, kelangkaan dan mahalnya harga kayu berkualitas semakin menghambat produksi jukung. Kesimpulannya, penurunan industri jukung terutama disebabkan oleh pergeseran ke arah transportasi darat yang lebih efisien dan sulitnya mendapatkan bahan baku yang diperlukan.

Historically, the jukung was a significant aspect of the Banjar people's lives, serving as both a mode of transportation and a cultural emblem. The advent of advanced land technology has resulted in a notable decline in the significance of the jukung, leading to a reduction in its production and utilization. The objective of this study is to ascertain the underlying factors that have contributed to the decline in jukung production among the Banjar community in Sewangi Island Village between the years 2010 and 2022. The historical method is employed in this research, which is comprised of four stages: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. In the heuristic stage, data were collected through field observations, interviews with jukung craftsmen, and a review of relevant literature. In the critique stage, the veracity of the sources was established and the reliability of the information was evaluated. In the interpretation stage, the data is analyzed in order to gain insight into the economic and technological impacts on the jukung industry. Historiography synthesizes the interpretations into a coherent narrative. The results indicate that the decline is attributable to enhanced infrastructure and access to land travel, which have altered transportation patterns. Furthermore, the scarcity and elevated cost of premium wood have exacerbated the challenges associated with jukung production. In conclusion, the decline of the jukung industry is primarily attributed to the transition towards more efficient land transportation and the difficulty of obtaining the essential raw materials.