Ketidakpuasan tubuh dan internalisasi media pada remaja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v9i1.12444Keywords:
Body dissatisfaction, media internalization, adolescents, ideal and actual bodiesAbstract
Objektif: Pesan yang disampaikan oleh media mengenai bentuk tubuh kurus dan atletis yang dianggap sebagai tubuh ideal dan dijadikan sebagai prinsip penampilan dapat meningkatkan ketidakpuasan terhadap tubuh pada remaja. Ketidakpuasan tubuh merupakan perasaan dan pikiran negatif seseorang terhadap bentuk dan ukuran tubuhnya yang banyak dialami oleh remaja perempuan serta berdampak negatif (kecemasan dan depresi). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara ketidakpuasan tubuh dengan pesan yang disampaikan oleh media pada remaja.
Metode: Merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Body Dissatisfaction Scale dan Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale-3 sebagai instrumen alat ukur. Partisipan penelitian merupakan kelompok remaja dengan jumlah partisipan 188 orang (43 laki-laki, 145 perempuan) dengan rentang usia 18-24 tahun.
Temuan: Terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara ketidakpuasan tubuh dengan internalisasi media.
Kesimpulan: Dapat menjadi acuan dalam membentuk program prevensi terhadap ketidakpuasan tubuh dengan merefleksikan diri dan membuka sudut pandang baru mengenai hal positif yang dimiliki oleh orang dengan berbagai bentuk tubuh, serta menyediakan konten, iklan dan sampul produk yang memberikan makna positif terhadap berbagai bentuk tubuh.
Downloads
References
Alebachew, F., & Ashagrie, M. (2017). The body-image concept analysis of youth and adolescent. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 5(6), 130-134. Doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20170506.14
Alfianto, R. (2019, Mei 17). Survei pengguna internet indonesia: Paling banyak akses konten video. Retrieved November 2019, from JawaPos.com: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.jawapos.com/oto-dan-tekno/teknologi/17/05/2019/survei-pengguna-internet-indonesia-paling-banyak-akses-konten-video/%3famp
Azwar, S. (2012). Metode penelitian. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Belajar.
Azwar , S. (2016). Metode penelitian (1 ed.). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Bennett, B. L., Whisenhut, B. L., Hudson, D. L., Wagner, A. F., Latner, J. D., Stefano, E. C., et al. (2020). Examining the impact of social media on mood and body dissatisfaction using ecological momentary assessment. Journal of American College Health, 68(5), 502-508. Doi: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1583236
Blowers , L. C., Loxton, N. J., Grady-Flesser, M., Occhipinti, S., & Dawe, S. (2003). The relationship between sociocultural pressure to be thin and body dissatisfaction in preadolescent girls. Eating Behaviors, 4(3), 229-244. Doi: 10.1016/S1471-0153(03)00018-7
Bucchianeri, M. M., Arikian, A. J., Hannan, P. J., Eisenberg, M. E., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2013). Body dissatisfaction from adolescence to young adulthood: Findings from a 10-year longitudinal study. Body Image, 10(1), 1-7. Doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.09.001
Chang, F.-C., Lee, C.-M., Chen, P.-H., Chiu, C.-H., Pan, Y.-C., & Huang, T.-F. (2013). Association of thin-ideal media exposure, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors among adolescents in taiwan. Eating Behaviors, 14(3), 382-385. Doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.05.002
Cohen-Swerdlik. (t.thn.). Psychological Testing and Assessment: An Introduction to Tests and Measurement (7th Edition ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Denich, A. U., & Ifdil. (2015, Juni). Konsep Body Image Remaja Putri. Jurnal Konseling dan Pendidikan, 3(2), 55-61. Doi: 10.29210/116500
De Vries, D. A., Peter, J., de Graaf, H., Nikken, P. (2016). Adolescents’ social network site use, peer appearance-related feedback, and body dissatisfaction: Testing a mediation model. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45, 211-224. Doi: 10.1007/s10964-015-0266-4
Dye, H. (2015). Does internalizing society and media messages cause body dissatisfaction, in turn causing disordered eating? Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work, 13(2), 1-11. Doi: 10.1080/23761407.2015.1024572
Fardouly, J. & Vartanian, L. R. (2016). Social media and body image concern: Current research and future directions. Social Media and Applications to Health Behavior, 9, 1-5. Doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.09.005
Field, A. (2005). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: SAGE Publications.
Furnham, A., & Alibhai, N. (1983). Cross-cultural differences in the perception of female body shapes. Psychological Medicine, 13(4), 829-837. Doi: 10.1017/S0033291700051540
Gezgin, U. B., & Dev, V. C. (2018). Of kate moss & marilyn monroe: Body dissatisfaction and its relation to media consumption, body mass index and self-esteem in malaysian college women, (22). 190-201. Doi: 10.31123/AKIL.441973
Griffiths, S., Murray, S. B., Krug, I., & McLean, S. A. (2018). The contribution of social media to body dissatisfaction, eating disorder symptoms, and anabolic steroid use among sexual minority men. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 21. Doi: 10.1089/cyber.2017.0375
Grogan, S. (2001). Body Image: Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women and Children. London and New York: Routledge.
Grogan, S. (2008). Body Image: Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women and Children (2nd Edition ed.). New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Hargreaves, D. A., & Tiggemann, M. (2004). Idealized media images and adolescent body image: "Comparing" boys and girls. Body Image, 1(4), 351-361. Doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2004.10.002
Hoffmann, S., & Warschburger, P. (2019). Prospective relations among internalization of beauty ideals,body image concerns, and body change behaviors: considering thinness and muscularity. Body Image, 28, 159 – 167. Doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.01.011
Homan, K. (2010). Athletic-ideal and thin-ideal internalization as prospective predictors of body dissatisfaction, dieting, and compulsive exercise. Body Image, 240 – 245. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.02.004
Jung, J., & Lennon, S. (2003). Body image, appearance self-schema, and media images. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 32(1), 27-51. Doi: 10.1177/1077727X03255900
Kamaria, K., Vikram, M., & Ayiesah , R. (2016). Body image perception, body shape concern and body shape dissatisfaction among undergraduates students. Jurnal Teknologi, 78(6-8), 37-42. Doi: 10.11113/jt.v78.9050
Khor, G. L., Zalilah, M. S., Phan, Y. Y., Ang, M., Maznah, B., & Norimah, A. K. (2009, April). Perceptions of body image among malaysian male and female adolescents. Singapore Medical Journal, 50(3), 303-311.
Knauss, C., Paxton, S. J., & Alsaker, F. D. (2007). Relationship amongst body dissatisfaction, internalisation of the media body ideal and perceived pressure from media in adolescent girls and boys. Body Image, 4(4), 353-360. Doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2007.06.007
Krones, P. G., Stice, E., Batres, C., & Orjada, K. (2005). In vivo social comparison to a thin-ideal peer promotes body dissatisfaction: A randomized experiment. International Journal of Eating Disorder, 38(2), 134-142. Doi: 10.1002/eat.20171
Kumar, R. (2014). Research Methodology: a step-by-step guide for beginners. SAGE Publications. Martin, J. B. (2010). The development of ideal body image perceptions in the united states. Nutrition Today, 45(3), 98-110. Doi: 10.1097/NT.0b013e3181dec6a2
Mas'ud, H. (2017). Standar fisik ideal dalam perspektif budaya dan kesehatan (kasus: Obesitas pada etnis bugis). 25-33.
McGuinness, S., & Taylor , J. E. (2016). Understanding body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating in midlife adults. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 45(1), 4-12.
Melching, K. L., Green, J. M., O'neal, E. K., & Renfroe, L. (2016). Body image dissatisfaction: responses between male and female exercisers and non-exercisers. International Journal of Exercise Science, 9(3), 249-257.
Mills, J. S., Shannon, A., & Hogue, J. (2017). Perception of Beauty. INTECH. Monteagudo, C., Dijkstra, S. C., & Visser, M. (2014). Self-Perception of body weight status in older dutch adults. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 19(6), 1-7. Doi: 10.1007/s12603-015-0486-z
Mutale, G. J., Stiller, J., Dunn, A., & Larkin, R. (2016). Development of a body dissatisfaction scale assessment tool. The New School Psychology Bulletin, 13(2), 47-57.
O’Donnell, N. H., & Willoughby, J. F. (2017). Photo-sharing social media for eHealth: analysing perceived message effectiveness of sexual health information on instagram. Journal of Visual Communication in Medicine, 40, 149 – 159. Doi: 10.1080/17453054.2017.1384995
Periantalo, J. (2016). Penelitian Kuantitatif Untuk Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Riyanto, A. D. (2019, Februari 9). Hootsuite (We are Social): Indonesian Digital Report 2019. Retrieved November 2019, from andi.link: https://andi.link/hootsuite-we-are-social-indonesian-digital-report-2019/
Rodgers, R. F., McLean, S. A., & Paxton, S. J. (2015). Longitudinal relationship among internalization of the media ideal, peer social comparison, and body dissatisfaction: implications for the tripartite infliuence model. Developmental Psychology, 51(5), 706-713. doi: 10.1037/dev0000013
Solistiawati, A., & Novendawati. (2015). Hubungan antara citra tubuh dengan harga diri remaja akhir putri (studi pada mahasiswi reguler universitas esa unggul). Jurnal Psikologi, 13(1), 13-20.
Thapa, D. K., & Thapa, S. (2015). Gender differences in body image dissatisfaction and eating disorder among nepalese adolescents: A paradigm shift from fatness to thinness. iMedPub Journals, 1(2), 1-5. Doi: 10.21767/2471-9854.100012
Thompson, J. K., & Stice, E. (2001). Thin-ideal internalization: Mounting evidence for a new risk factor for body-image disturbance and eating pathology. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(5), 181-183. Doi: 10.1111/1467-8721.00144
Thompson, J. K., van den Berg, P., Roehrig, M., Guarda, A. S., & Heinberg, L. J. (2004). The sociocultural attitudes towards appearance scale-3 (SATAQ-3): Development and validation. International Journal of Eating Disorder, 35(3), 293 – 304. Doi: 10.1002/eat.10257
Uchoa, F. N., Uchoa , N. M., Daniele, T. M., Lustosa, R. P., Garrido, N. D., Deana, N. F., et al. (2019). Influence of the mass media and body dissatisfaction on the risk in adolescent of developing eating disorders. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(9). Doi: 10.3390/ijerph16091508
Van den Berg, P., Paxton, S. J., Keery, H., Wall, M., Guo, J., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2007). Body dissatisfaction and body comparison with media images in males and females. Body Image, 4(3), 257-268. Doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2007.04.003
Swami, V., Frederick, D. A., Aavik, T., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Anderson, D., et al. (2010). The attractive female body weight and female body dissatisfaction in 26 countries across 10 world regions: Results of the international body project I. Personality and Social Psychology. Bulletin, 36(3), 309-325. Doi: 10.1177/0146167209359702
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan agree to the following terms:
- For all articles published in Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, copyright is retained by the authors. Authors give permission to the publisher to announce the work with conditions. When the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the publishing right to the publisher.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
