Efektivitas teknik forward chaining dalam meningkatkan keterampilan mengenakan kemeja berkancing pada anak dengan intellectual disability taraf sedang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v9i1.13547Keywords:
Intellectual disability, perilaku berpakaian secara mandiri, modifikasi perilaku, forward chainingAbstract
Objektif: Anak-anak dengan intellectual disability menunjukkan defisit dalam fungsi adaptif. Secara khusus, anak moderate intellectual disability seringkali kesulitan melakukan tugas bantu diri dan bergantung pada orang lain. Berpakaian sendiri merupakan salah satu keterampilan bantu diri yang penting dikuasai untuk menunjang kemandirian anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas teknik forward chaining untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mengenakan kemeja berkancing pada anak dengan moderate intellectual disability. Teknik forward chaining memecah keterampilan menjadi tahapan-tahapan sederhana. Dalam setiap tahapan forward chaining, anak akan diberikan prompting dan positive reinforcement.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan single subject A-B design. Partisipan merupakan anak laki-laki berusia 12 tahun 4 bulan dengan moderate intellectual disability. Intervensi diberikan dalam 6 sesi dengan 30 kali percobaan.
Temuan: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada kemampuan mengenakan kemeja berkancing sebelum dan setelah intervensi dilakukan.
Kesimpulan: Teknik forward chaining yang melibatkan prompting dan positive reinforcement efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan mengenakan kemeja berkancing pada anak dengan moderate intellectual disability.
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