Hambatan pendidikan inklusi dan bagaimana mengatasinya: Telaah kritis sistematis dari berbagai negara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v9i1.14154Keywords:
Barriers, challenges, inclusive education, optimalizing, strategyAbstract
Objektif:Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengulas tantangan dan hambatan yang dihadapi pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusi serta strategi yang dapat dilakukan oleh negara.
Metode: Artikel ini merupakan telaah kritis sistematis. Jurnal diambil dari 9 situs artikel penelitian internasional berbeda. Pencarian jurnal diutamakan terbit tahun 2011-2020. Didapatkan 11 jurnal yang merupakan jurnal kualitatif.
Temuan:Hambatan yang dihadapi yaitu tenaga pendidik kurang terlatih, stigma negatif, kebijakan otoritas yang kurang aplikatif, kurangnya pengetahuan tenaga pendidik, hambatan aksesibilitas, keterbatasan sumber belajar, dan keterbatasan finansial. Strategi yang dilakukan yaitu peningkatan kualitas in-service training (INSET), awareness programmes, school-based professional development programmes, family support, kontekstualisasi proses belajar-mengajar, dukungan berkelanjutan selama proses implementasi di lapangan, komitmen pemerintah memberikan sebagian prosentase dari GNP sebagai sumber dana, kolaborasi dengan stakeholders, dan kerjasama regional, nasional, maupun internasional.
Kesimpulan:Ada beberapa strategi yang dapat dilakukan di Indonesia, yaitu pelatihan kepada guru kelas, menyelenggarakan awareness program, bekerjasama dengan tim Pokja yang memiliki resource center yang mendukung implementasi pendidikan inklusi, penyediaan dana untuk menyelenggarakan pelatihan guru kelas, dan membangun fasilitas umum yang lebih ramah terhadap individu dengan disabilitas.
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