Penerapan Teknik Shaping untuk meningkatkan durasi on-task behavior pada anak dengan masalah atensi

Authors

  • Savira Anjani Universitas Indonesia
  • Mita Aswanti Tjakrawiralaksana Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v7i2.9051

Keywords:

Shaping, On-Task Behavior, Attentional Disorder

Abstract

Abstrak.  Kemampuan mempertahankan atensi terlihat pada on-task behavior, dimana anak mampu mengerjakan tugas tanpa melakukan kegiatan lain yang tidak berkaitan. On-task behavior menjadi target perilaku yang ingin diintervensi pada S, anak laki-laki berusia 4 tahun 5 bulan dengan diagnosa Attentional Disorder (ICDL-DMIC). Berdasarkan pemeriksaan, rentang atensinya berada dibawah taraf rata-rata anak seusianya dan terlihat dari kesulitannya dalam menyelesaikan kegiatan. Penelitian single-subject ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas dari penerapan teknik shaping dalam meningkatkan durasi on-task behavior pada anak dengan masalah atensi, dengan hipotesa teknik shaping mampu meningkatkan durasi on-task behavior. Terdapat peningkatan durasi saat intervensi diberikan. Dalam intervensi ini, orangtua memiliki peran besar sebagai pemberi prompt dan reinforcement untuk mempermudah proses generalisasi.

Kata Kunci: Shaping, On-Task Behavior, Attentional Disorder

Abstract. The ability to maintain attention is seen from on-task behavior, when child can do a task without do other unrelated activities. On-task behavior is the targeted behavior to intervene from S, a 4 years 5 months old boy with a diagnosis Attentional Disorder (ICDL-DMIC). Based on asssessment, S has shorter duration of attention than the expected duration of his age and shown on his difficulties in finishing any activities. This single-subject research aims to examine the effectiveness of the application of shaping technique in increasing the duration of on-task behavior, and hypothesized that it’s application will increase on-task behavior’s duration. The result shows that there is an increase in on-task behavior’s duration. In this research, parents took a bigger role as prompt and reinforcer giver to ease the process of generalization.

Keywords: Shaping, On-Task Behavior, Attentional Disorder

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Author Biographies

Savira Anjani, Universitas Indonesia

Magister Profesi Psikologi Klinis Anak

Mita Aswanti Tjakrawiralaksana, Universitas Indonesia


Magister Profesi Psikologi Klinis Anak

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Published

2019-09-03

How to Cite

Anjani, S., & Tjakrawiralaksana, M. A. (2019). Penerapan Teknik Shaping untuk meningkatkan durasi on-task behavior pada anak dengan masalah atensi. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 7(2), 184–198. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v7i2.9051

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