The Effectiveness of United Nations Environment Programme in Addressing the Problem of Marine Plastic Debris in Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22219/jurnalsospol.v11i3.42872Keywords:
Effectiveness, Marine Plastic Debris, Mexico, UNEPAbstract
This study examines the role of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) as an environmental organization in addressing the issue of marine plastic debris in Mexico. A descriptive qualitative method is employed, focusing on the depiction and analysis of phenomena based on collected data. The study applies the theory of international organizational effectiveness developed by Frank Biermann and Steffen Bauer, using three contextual variables: output, outcome, and impact to answer the research question. The findings indicate that, in terms of output, UNEP has implemented several initiatives, including Parley for the Oceans, the Global Partnership on Marine Litter (GPML), the Clean Seas campaign, and policies banning single-use plastics. In terms of outcomes, these efforts have contributed to increased public awareness in Mexico regarding the use of environmentally friendly products, advancements in plastic waste management and recycling through thermal valorization technology, and greater involvement of local communities in coastal clean-up activities. Regarding impact, the period from 2019 to 2022 saw fluctuations in the levels of marine plastic debris in Mexico, with both increases and decreases recorded. Based on the analysis of the three contextual variables output, outcome, and impact, it can be concluded that UNEP has been effective in addressing the problem of marine plastic debris in Mexico.
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