Problem-based learning: Creative thinking skills, problem-solving skills, and learning outcome of seventh grade students

Authors

  • Anna Jarrotul Khoiriyah State Junior High School (SMP Negeri 18) Malang, East Java
  • Husamah Husamah Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, East Java

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v4i2.5804

Keywords:

Creative thinking, knowledge, PBL, problem-solving

Abstract

Creative thinking skills and problem-solving skills were among the competencies that must be possessed by students in the 21st-century, which need to be developed through the learning process, and are still teacher challenge to date. This study aims to improve creative thinking skills, problem-solving skills, and learning outcomes of seventh-grade students by problem-based learning (PBL). This class action research was conducted at State Junior High School 18 of Malang. The subjects was students’ class VIIE. The study was conducted two cycles (repeated seven times). Each cycle referring to Spiral Model by Kemmis, McTaggart, and Nixon. The problem-solving skills data were obtained from student worksheet assessment, the creative thinking skills data were obtained from performance grading rubric and learning outcomes data were obtained from end-of-cycle essay test. The results shows that PBL improves (1) the average of problem solving skills of 27% with the completion rate of 47%,(2) the average of creative thinking skills of 11% with the completion rate of 17.5%, and  (3) the average learning outcomes of 13% with the completion rate of 15%. It can concluded that teachers can implement PBL to improve students’ creative thinking skills, problem-solving skills, and learning outcomes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Amalia, E., Surya, E., & Syahputra, E. (2017). The effectiveness of using problem based learning (PBL) in mathematics problem solving ability for junior high school students. Internation Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 3(2), 3402–3406. https://doi.org/16.0415/IJARIIE-4659

Andini, S. A., Susanto, S., & Hobri, H. (2017). Students’ activity in problem-based learning (PBL) math classroom be oriented lesson study for learning community (LSLC). International Journal of Advanced Research, 5(9), 1395–1400. https://doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/5458

Apriana, E., & Anwar, A. (2014). Penerapan model pembelajaranproblem based learningdan inkuiri untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikirkritis mahasiswa pada konsep dampak pencemaran lingkungan terhadap kesehatan. Jurnal Biotik, 2(2), 132–137.

Arends, R. I. (2012). Learning to teach (Ninth Edit). New York, US: McGraw Hill Book. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

Arif, M. (2015). Penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa pada kompetensi dasar mengidentifikasi dan mempraktikkan cara membuat komunikasi tulis di SMK Widya Praja Ungaran. Universitas Negeri Semarang.

Arifin, Z. (2017). Mengembangkan instrumen pengukur critical thinking skills siswa pada pembelajaran matematika abad 21. Jurnal THEOREMS (The Original Research of Mathematics), 1(2), 92–100.

Armbruster, P., Patel, M., Johnson, E., & Weiss, M. (2009). Active learning and student-centered pedagogy improve student attitudes and performance in introductory biology. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 8(200), 203–213. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.09

Aufa, M., Saragih, S., & Minarni, A. (2016). Development of learning devices through problem based learning model mased on the context of Aceh cultural to improve mathematical communication skills and social skills of SMPN 1 Muara Batu students. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(24), 232–248.

Barell, J. (2010). Excerpts from “Problem-based Learning: The foundation for 21st century skills.” Retrieved from http://www.morecuriousminds.com/docs/21stCSummary2.pdf

Baysal, Z. N. (2017). The problem-based learning process: Reflections of pre-service elementary school teachers. Educational Research and Reviews, 12(4), 177–188. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2016.3045

Birgili, B. (2015). Creative and critical thinking skills in problem-based learning environments. Journal of Gifted Education and Creativity, 2(2), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.18200/JGEDC.2015214253

Chang, H., Wang, N., Ko, W., Yu, Y., Lin, L., & Tsai, H. (2017). The effectiveness of clinical problem-based learning model of medico-jurisprudence education on general law knowledge for Obstetrics/Gynecological interns. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 56(3), 325–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjog.2017.04.011

Chiang, C. L., & Lee, H. (2016). The effect of project-based learning on learning motivation and problem-solving ability of vocational high school students. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 6(9), 709–712. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIET.2016.V6.779

Chuan, T. Y., Rosly, N. B., Zolkipli, M. Z. Bin, Wei, N. W., Ahamed, M. A. B. B., Mustapha, N. A. B., … Zakaria, Z. (2011). Problem-based learning: With or without facilitator? Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 18, 394–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.05.057

Danial, M. (2010). Pengaruh strategi PBL terhadap keterampilan metakognitif dan respon mahasiswa. Jurnal Chemica, 8(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.26858/chemicannn,n,n,.v11i2.487

Fatimah, F., & Widiyatmoko, A. (2014). Pengembangan science comic berbasis problem based learning sebagai media pembelajaran pada tema bunyi dan pendengaran untuk siswa SMP. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 3(2), 146–153. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v3i2.3114

Fauzan, M., Gani, A., & Syukri, M. (2017). Penerapan model problem based learning pada pembelajaran materi sistem tata surya untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 5(1), 27–35.

Firdaus, F., Kailani, I., Bakar, M. N. Bin, & Bakry, B. (2015). Developing critical thinking skills of students in mathematics learning. Journal of Education and Learning, 9(3), 226–236. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v9i3.1830

Fitri, N., & Ramdiah, S. (2017). Pengaruh model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri Kota Banjarmasin. Jurnal Pendidikan Hayati, 3(4), 125–135.

Fitriani, D., Milama, B., & Irwandi, D. (2017). Pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap kemampuan literasi sains siswa pada materi laju reaksi. EDUSAINS, 9(2), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.15408/es.v9i2.1402

Hajar, N. ’Azmi, Darmono, A. Y. D., & Budiati, A. C. (2016). Penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas X-3 pada mata pelajaran sosiologi SMA Negeri Kebakkramat tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Surakarta.

Haridza, R., & Irving, K. E. (2017). Developing critical thinking of middle school students using problem based learning 4 core Areas (PBL4C) model. Journal of Physics: Conf. Series, 812. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/812/1/012081

Hartati, R. (2016). Peningkatan aspek sikap literasi sains siswa SMP melalui penerapan model problem based learning pada pembelajaran IPA terpadu. EDUSAINS, 8(1), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.15408/es.v8i1.1796

Hidayah, R., Salimi, M., & Susiani, T. S. (2017). Critical thinking skill: Konsep dan indikator penilaian. Jurnal Taman Cendekia, 1(2), 127–133.

Horpyniuk, P. (2015). Using PBL with junior high school students. University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada.

Husamah. (2015a). Blended Project Based Learning: Metacognitive Awareness of Biology Education New Students. Journal of Education and Learning, 9(94), 274–281. https://doi.org/10.11591/EDULEARN.V9I4.2121

Husamah, H. (2015b). Thinking skills for environmental sustainability perspective of new students of biology education department through blended project based learning model. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 4(2), 110–119. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v4i2.3878

Husamah, H., & Pantiwati, Y. (2014). Cooperative learning STAD-PJBL: Motivation, thinking skills, and learning outcomes of biology department students. International Journal of Education Learning and Development, 2(1), 77–94.

Indah, N., Mania, S., & Nursalam, N. (2016). Peningkatan kemampuan literasi matematika siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning di kelas VII SMP Negeri 5 Pallangga Kabupaten Gowa. MaPan : Jurnal Matematika Dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 200–210. https://doi.org/10.24252/mapan.2016v4n2a4

Karyatin, K. (2016). Penerapan modified problem based learning (PBL) dengan gallery walk (GW) untuk meningkatkan keterampilan. JPPIPA (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA), 1(2), 42–51.

Kassab, S. E., Hassan, N., El-araby, S., Salim, A. H., Alrebish, S. A., Al-amro, A. S., … Hamdy, H. (2017). Development and validation of the motivation for tutoring questionnaire in problem-based learning programs. Health Professions Education, 3(1), 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpe.2017.03.001

Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The action research planner: Doing critical participatory action research. Singapore: Springer. Retrieved from http://www.springer.com/978-981-4560-66-5

Kurniawan, H. (2016). Efektifitas pembelajaran problem solving dan investigasi terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis matematis berbantuan Google Classroom. Jurnal Pendidikan Surya Edukasi (JPSE), 2(1), 56–67.

Lucenario, J. L. S., Yangco, R. T., Punzalan, A. E., & Espinosa, A. A. (2016). Pedagogical content knowledge-guided lesson study: Effects on teacher competence and students’ achievement in chemistry. Education Research International, 2016, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6068930

Mashinta, A. S., Masykuri, M., & Sarwanto, S. (2015). Pengembangan modul IPA terpadu SMP/MTs dengan model problem based learning tema air sehat. Jurnal Inkuiri, 4(1), 73–81.

Miharja, F. J., Syamsuri, I., & Saptasari, M. (2015). Pengembangan modul anatomi fisiologi manusia dengan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa program studi pendidikan biologi. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi (pp. 220–227).

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methodes sourcebook (Third Edit). Singapore: Sage.

Noviar, D., & Hastuti, D. R. (2015). Pengaruh model problem based learning (PBL) Berbasis scientific approach terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas X di SMAN 2 Banguntapan T.A. 2014/2015. BIOEDUKASI, 8(2), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.20961/bioedukasi-uns.v8i2.3874

Novika, T. A. (2014). Meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar matematika dengan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah (problem based learning) pada pokok bahasan segitiga dan segiempat di kelas VII SMP N 5 Kota Bengkulu. Bengkulu.

Nuzliah, N. (2015). Kontribusi motivasi belajar, kreativitas terhadap problem solving (pemecahan masalah) siswa dalam belajar serta implikasi terhadap bimbingan dan konseling di SMPN 29 Padang. Jurnal Edukasi, 1(2), 157–174.

Okayana, K. (2016). Penerapan model problem based learning (PBL) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 3 Metro Barat tahun pelajaran 2015/2016. Universitas Lampung.

Phungsuk, R., Viriyavejakul, C., & Ratanaolarn, T. (2017). Development of a problem-based learning model via a virtual learning environment. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 38(3), 297–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.01.001

Prilyta, R. A., Susanti, R., & Santoso, L. M. (2016). Pengaruh penerapan model problem based learning berbantuan edmodo pada materi sistem peredaran darah terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri 8 Palembang. Jurnal Pembelajaran Biologi, 3(2), 169–182.

Rhodes, T. (2009). Assessing outcomes and improving achievement: Tips and tools for using the rubrics. Washington, DC: Association of American Colleges and Universities.

Rosa, N. M., & Pujiati, A. (2016). Pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Jurnal Formatif, 6(3), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v6i3.990

Rubiah, M. (2016). Implementation of problem based learning model in concept learning mushroom as a result of student learning improvement efforts guidelines for teachers. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(22), 26–30.

Santrock, J. W. (2012). Educational psychology. New York, US: University of Texas at Dallas.

Saragih, S., & Habeahan, W. L. (2014). The improving of problem solving ability and students’creativity mathematical by using problem based learning in SMP Negeri 2 Siantar. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(35), 123–133. Retrieved from http://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/17463

Schettino, C. (2016). A framework for problem-based learning: Teaching mathematics with a relational problem- based pedagogy. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1602 September

Scott, C. L. (2015). The futures of learning 3: What kind of pedagogies for the 21st century? Education Research and Foresight. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pse.2015.08.005

Sendag, S., & Odabasi, H. F. (2009). Effects of an online problem based learning course on content knowledge acquisition and critical thinking skills. Computers & Education, 53, 132–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.008

Sternberg, R. J. (2012). Cognitive psychology. Canada: Nelson Education.

Strobel, J., & Barneveld, A. Van. (2009). When is PBL more effective ? A meta-synthesis of meta-analyses comparing PBL to conventional classrooms. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 3(1), 44–58. https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1046

Sudarmo, M. N. P., & Mariyati, L. I. (2017). Kemampuan problem solving dengan kesiapan masuk sekolah dasar. Psikologia (Jurnal Psikologi), 2(1), 38–51. https://doi.org/10.21070/psikologia.v2i1.1267

Supiandi, M. I., & Julung, H. (2016). Pengaruh model problem based learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan memecahkan masalah dan hasil belajar kognitif siswa biologi SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains, 4(2), 60–64. https://doi.org/10.17977/jps.v4i2.8183

Surya, E., & Syahputra, E. (2017). Improving high-level thinking skills by development of learning PBL approach on the learning mathematics for Senior High School students. International Education Studies, 10(8), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n8p12

Susanti, A. T., Prayitno, B. A., & Sudarisman, S. (2015). The influence of problem based learning model with key relation chart media toward critical thinking and student’s. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 7(1), 1–13.

Susanti, D. (2013). Penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran sosiologi Kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Batik 1 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2012/2013. Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.

Susiana, E. (2010). IDEAL problem solving dalam pembelajaran patematika. Kreano Jurnal Matematika Kreatif-Inovatif, 1(2), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.15294/kreano.v1i2.1491

Tendrita, M., Mahanal, S., & Zubaidah, S. (2016). Pemberdayaan keterampilan berpikir kreatif melalui model remap think pair share. In Proceeding Biology Education Conference (ISSN: (Vol. 13, pp. 285–291). Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia: Universitas Sebelas Maret.

Ulger, K. (2018). The effect of problem-based learning on the creative thinking and critical thinking disposition of students in visual arts education. The Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1649

Utaminingsih, D., Abdurrahman, A., & Kadaryanto, B. (2015). Strategi pengembangan keterampilan problem solving dalam konteks membangun disaster resilience bagi siswa di daerah rawan Propinsi Lampung. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Sains (pp. 276–286). Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia: Magister Pendidikan Sains dan Doktor Pendidikan IPA FKIP UNS.

Wijaya, E. Y., Sudjimat, D. A., & Nyoto, A. (2016). Transformasi pendidikan abad 21 sebagai tuntutan pengembangan sumber daya manusia di era global. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Matematika 2016 (Vol. 1, pp. 263–278). Malang, Indonesia: Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang.

Winarso, W. (2014). Problem solving, creativity dan decision making dalam pembelajaran matematika. EduMa, 3(1), 1–16.

Wulandari, N., Sjarkawi, S., & Damris, M. (2011). Pengaruh problem based learning dan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa. Tekno-Pedagogi, 1(1), 14–24.

Yusof, K. M., Hassan, S. A. H. S., Jamaludin, M. Z., & Harun, N. F. (2012). Cooperative problem-based learning (CPBL): Framework for integrating cooperative learning and problem-based learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 56, 223–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.649

Živkovic, S. (2016). A model of critical thinking as an important attribute for success in the 21st century. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 232, 102–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.034

Downloads

Published

2018-07-09

Issue

Section

Instructional Model