Effect Of Granule And Liquid Biofertilizers On Growth And Yield Of Maize Under Several Levels Of  Drought Stress

Achmad Syakur Fitroni; Aniek Iriany; Erny Ishartati

Authors

Achmad Syakur Fitroni Universitas Muhammadyah Malang
Aniek Iriany Universitas Muhammadyah Malang
Erny Ishartati Universitas Muhammadyah Malang

Keywords:

Dry land, corn, consortium

Abstract

The study conducted at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,
University of Muhammadiyah Malang, aimed to formulate granule and liquid biofertilizers for corn cultivation on dry land in Indonesia, covering 144.47 million hectares. Corn is a crucial agricultural commodity in the country, aligning with the Sustainable Food Self-Sufficiency Policy program. Fertilizers, especially biological ones with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), play a pivotal role in enhancing both the quality and quantity of corn production. The research utilized a Nested Split Plot Design, considering varying levels of drought stress (100%, 70%, and 40% of field capacity) and bacterial density (control, 10^9, 10^8, and 10^7). Results indicated no significant interaction between granular and liquid fertilizer densities across different field capacities. While the PGPR consortium in both fertilizer types showed limited effectiveness in boosting maize growth and yield, the highest average performance was observed at a density of 10^7. Additionally, certain stress levels did not contribute to increased maize growth and yield, except for the 100% field capacity treatment. It was noted that extreme temperatures, reaching up to 54°C in the plastic house, might have hindered the expected interaction. Plant growth tends to decrease drastically below 15°C or above 40°C, as these temperatures activate physical and chemical processes in plants. The study underscores the importance of considering environmental factors in optimizing biofertilizer effectiveness for sustainable corn cultivation on Indonesian dry land.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdurachman, A., Haryati, U., & Juarsah, I. (2006). Sifat Fisik Tanah Dan Analisisnya. Bogor: Balai Besar LITBANG Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian.

Agustinur, Yusran, & Wahyu Harso. (2018). Peningkatan Kemampuan Tumbuh Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.). Biocelebes, 12(3), 23-29.

Anjum, S. A., Ashraf , U., Tanveer, M., Khan, I., Hussain, S., Shahzad, B., . . . Wang, L. C. (2017). Drought Induced Changes in Growth, Osmolyte Accumulation and Antioxidant Metabolism of Three Maize Hybrids. frontiers in Plant Science, 8(69), 1-12.

Bachtiar, T., Citraresmini , A., & Slamet, S. (2017). Pengaruh Formula Pupuk Hayati Terhadap Kadar N-Total, Serapan P, Dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung. Jakarta: Fakultas Pertanian UMJ.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2020. Analisis Produktifitas Jagung dan Kedelai di Indonesia 2020 ( Hasil Survei Ubinan ). Jakarta. 978-602-438-425-8

Biari, A., A. Gholami, Dan R.A. Rahmani. 2008. “Growth Promotion And Enhanced Nutrient Uptake Of Maize (Zea Maysl.) By Application Of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria In Arid Region Of Iran.” Biological Sciences Growth Promotion And Enhanced 8(6): 1015–20.

Calvo, P., D.B. Watts, J.W. Kloepper, Dan H.A. Torbert. 2017. “Effect Of Microbial-Based Inoculants On Nutrient Concentrations And Early Root Morphology Of Corn (Zea Mays).” Journal Of Plant Nutrition And Soil Science, 180(1): 56–70.

Darwis, Valeriana. 2019. “Potensi Kehilangan Hasil Panen Dan Pasca Panen Jagung Di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan.” Journal Of Food System & Agribusiness 2(1): 55–66.

Efendi, Y., Hariyono, D., & Wicaksono, K. P. (2014). Uji Efektifitas Aplikasi Pyraclostrobin Dengan Beberapa Level Cekaman Suhu Pada Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 2(6), 497-502.

Fitriatin , B. N., Agustina , M., & Hindersah, R. (2017, Oktober). Populasi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat, P-Potensial Dan Hasil Jagung Yang Dipengaruhi Oleh Aplikasi MPF Pada Ultisols Jatinangor. Agrologia, 6(2).

https://www.bps.go.id/linkTableDinamis/view/id/868

IAARD PRESS. (2015). Sumber Daya Lahan Pertanian Indonesia Luas, Penyebaran, Dan Potensi Ketersediaan. Jakarta, Indonesia: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian.

Kalay, A., Hindersah, R., Ngabalin, I. A., & Jamlean , M. (2020). Pemanfaatan Pupuk Hayati Dan Bahan Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata) . AGRIC Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 32(2), 129-138 .

Khan, F., Khan , S., Fahad, S., Faisal , S., Hussain, S., Ali , S., & Ali, A. (2014). Effect of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on the phenology and yield of maize varieties. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5, 2582-2590.

Lin, Yaru, Dexter B. Watts, Joseph W. Kloepper, Dan H. Allen Torbert. 2018. “Influence Of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria On Corn Growth Under Different Fertility Sumber Keragamans.” Communications In Soil Science And Plant Analysis 49(10): 1239–55. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/00103624.2018.1457155.

Maulina, N. M. I., K Khalimi, G. N. A. S. Wirya, Dan D. N. Suprapta. 2015. “Potensi Rizobakteri Yang Diisolasi Dari Rizosfir Tanaman Graminae Non-Padi Untuk Memacu Pertumbuhan Bibit Padi.” J. Agric.Sci And Biotechmol 4(1): 1–8.

Nurshanti, D. F., Astuti, Y., & Diana , S. (2019, September). Pengaruh Pemberian Air Terhadp Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Jagung Manis (Zea mays) . LANSIUM , 1(1), 35-43.

Romdhonah, Y. 2002. Analisis Sudut datang Radiasi Matahari dan Pengembangan Model Pindah Panas pada Greenhouse. Skripsi. Departemen Teknik Pertanian. FATETA. IPB. Bogor.

Rosyida, & Nugroho, A. S. (2017). Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Majemuk NPK dan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) terhadap Bobot Basah dan Kadar Klorofil daun Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Bioma, VI(2), 44.

Sastro, Yudi, Ikrarwati, Dan Suwandi. 2012. “Peran Granulasi Dan Pengayaan Terhadap Peningkatan.” Horti Indonesia 3(April): 10–16.

Setiawan, R., Ulfa. H., Miftahuljannah., Ajza. d. s., Setiawan. B., (2021). Penggunaan Green House untuk Budidaya Hortikultura di Halaman SDN 063 Lagi Agi. Jurnal Lepa-lepa Open 1(3): 480-487.e-ISSN 2776-4176.

Wayah, E., Sudiarso, & Soelistyono, R. (2014). Pengaruh Pemberian Air Dan Pupuk Kandang Sapi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 2(2), 94-102.

Wiraatmaja, I. (2017). Suhu, Energi Matahari, Dan Air Dalam Hubungan Dengan Tanaman. Denpasar: Fakultas Pertanian UNUD.

Yun Sondang, K. A. (2020). Pengaruh Media Pembawa Pupuk Hayati Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Terhadap Keberadaan Bakteri Endogen Dan Bakteri Rhizosfer Tanaman Jagung. Seminar Nasional Virtual. Limapuluh Kota: Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh.

Zhu, X., Song, F., Liu, S., Liu , T., & Zhou, X. (2012). Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves photosynthesis and water status of Zea mays L. under drought stress. Plant Soil Environ, 58(4), 186-191.